Catalytic hydroconversion of soluble portion in the extraction from Hecaogou subbituminous coal to clean liquid fuel over a Y/ZSM-5 composite zeolite-supported nickel catalyst

Kang, Yu-Hong; Wei, Xian‐Yong; Liu, Guanghui; Gao, Yong; Li, Yanjun; Ma, Xiangrong; Zhang, Zhifang; Zong, Zhi‐Min

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117326

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…With the wave number ranging from 1800 to 1000 cm –1 , there existed characteristic peaks of aromatic conjugated double bond CC structural groups with a wave number of nearly 1620 cm –1 and a variety of C–O groups. Existing research has suggested that , the region can be fitted by peaks to explore functional group composition in depth. The peak fitting conditions comprised: CO group with a wave number of nearly 1690 cm –1 , aromatic ether structure with a wave number of approximately 1270 cm –1 , phenolic hydroxyl with a wave number of about 1180 cm –1 , as well as the ether bond structure with a wave number of nearly 1030 cm –1 .…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Hydroconversion Law of Coal-Based Heavy Fractions with Different Catalyst Contents Based on an Improved Separation Method

et al. 2023

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Heavy fractions (e.g., asphaltene and resin) can easily be subjected to physical aggregation and chemical coking reaction through molecular force in the process of lightweight processing and use of coal tar (CT), such that the normal processing and use can be affected. In this study, hydrogenation experiments were performed by regulating the catalyst to oil ratio (COR), while the heavy fractions of the hydrogenated products were extracted based on a novel separation method (e.g., the resin with a poor separation effect and rare existing research). The samples were analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. On that basis, the composition and structure characteristics of heavy fractions and the law of hydrogenation conversion were investigated. As indicated by the results, with the rise of the COR, the saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) contents indicated the law of increasing the content of saturate, decreasing the content of other fractions, as well as sharply decreasing the content of asphaltene. Moreover, with the increase of the reaction condition, the relative molecular weight, the content of the hydrogen bonded functional groups and C–O groups, the carbon skeleton properties, the number of aromatic rings, and the stacking structure parameters were progressively reduced. In comparison with resin, asphaltene was characterized by large aromaticity and more aromatic rings, short and less alkyl side chains, as well as more complex heteroatoms on the surface of the heavy fractions. The results achieved in this study are expected to lay a solid basis for the relevant theoretical research and facilitate the industrial use process of CT processing.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Hydroconversion Law of Coal-Based Heavy Fractions with Different Catalyst Contents Based on an Improved Separation Method

et al. 2023

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“…MS proved to be a powerful solvent for effectively extracting the soluble organic species from the macromolecular networks under ultrasonic irradiation. ,, As a result, the organic matter in heavy carbon resources can be isolated into soluble portion and insoluble portion. A number of organic compounds were significantly enriched and even separated as pure compounds by subsequent fine separations, including fractional extraction, gradient column chromatography, and sequential crystallization from the soluble portion. − Alternatively, the soluble portion can be converted to alkanes as well as nonsubstituted and alkyl-substituted cyclanes under pressurized H 2 over Ni-loading catalysts. ,,, The insoluble portion can be ultrasonically isolated to a light insoluble portion and a heavy insoluble portion in carbon tetrachloride according to the density difference . The catalytically hydroconverted light insoluble portion can be relatively easily separated from the catalyst by the density difference, and adding a magnetic core into the catalyst further facilitates recovering the catalyst. ,,− , In addition, ultrasonically extracting a solid sample, e.g., a coal sample, significantly reduced the size of the sample particles, facilitating the CHC.…”

Section: Challenges and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…152−159 Alternatively, the soluble portion can be converted to alkanes as well as nonsubstituted and alkyl-substituted cyclanes under pressurized H 2 over Ni-loading catalysts. 57,58,88,160 The insoluble portion can be ultrasonically isolated to a light insoluble portion and a heavy insoluble portion in carbon tetrachloride according to the density difference. 86 The catalytically hydroconverted light insoluble portion can be relatively easily separated from the catalyst by the density difference, and adding a magnetic core into the catalyst further facilitates recovering the catalyst.…”

Section: Challenges and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Catalytic Hydroconversion of Typical Heavy Carbon Resources under Mild Conditions

Wei

Bai

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Low-rank coals, biomass, and heavy petroleum are typical heavy carbon resources, which are currently not efficiently used, and many processes for the current use of the heavy carbon resources cause severe environmental pollution with very limited economic benefits even with a great deficit. Efficiently using the heavy carbon resources can greatly improve the environment and create huge economic benefits. The main difficulty in efficiently using the heavy carbon resources is the high content of aromatic rings (ARs) and heteroatoms in addition to the insoluble and complex macromolecular structures of the heavy carbon resources. Catalytic hydroconversion (CHC) includes catalytic hydrocracking and subsequent catalytic hydrofining. Many low-rank coals consist of macromolecular species, which are rich in bridged linkages connecting structural units, especially ARs, on which side chains are usually contained. Many ARs, bridged linkages, and side chains contain heteroatoms. Over a proper active catalyst, many bridged linkages and even some side chains can be cleaved, and many heteroatoms outside the ARs can be removed by the CHC under mild conditions to get soluble portions with relatively simple composition, facilitating subsequent separation to obtain pure chemicals, especially value-added products, such as condensed aromatics. The remaining economically inseparable species can be converted to liquid chemicals, especially nonsubstituted and alkyl-substituted cyclanes, by subsequent catalytic hydrofining. Catalysts and catalytically formed active hydrogen play crucial roles in the processes. Mainly based on our investigations, the related advances are reviewed in this work.

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“…In the wave number range of 1800-1000 cm À1 , there are many characteristic peaks of C-O groups, including the C═O group with a wave number of 1680 cm À1 , the aromatic ether structure with a wave number of 1270 cm À1 , the phenolic hydroxyl C-OH with a wave number of 1190 cm À1 , and the ether bond with a wave number of 1070 cm À1 . [30,36] In this region, there are a aromatic conjugated double bond C═C structure (1620 cm À1 ) and alkyl (1460 cm À1 ) and methyl (1380 cm À1 ) groups. It can be seen from Figure 3 that the saturate almost do not contain the vibration of the characteristic peaks of C-O, while the intensity of the characteristic peaks of the other three fractions in this region gradually increases, which corresponds to the gradual increase in their O atom content, that is, the asphaltene molecules contain the most C-O groups.…”

Section: Ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on molecular structure and association behaviour of heavy subfractions of vacuum residue by an improved separation method

Tian

Han²,

et al. 2022

Can J Chem Eng

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Vacuum residue (VR) is the most complex component of crude oil. Due to the special structure of heavy subfractions, physical aggregation and chemical coking reactions easily occur through molecular force, which affects the normal processing. Therefore, in‐depth study and analysis of their composition, structure and association behaviours are particularly important. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional separation method in terms of separation accuracy, mainly including the purification of asphaltenes and the poor separation of resins. In this paper, a reasonably improved separation method is adopted, and the multi‐stage asphaltene extraction and the multi‐stage silica gel coupling separation are carried out innovatively, which achieves a high yield of 99% while ensuring the separation accuracy. The samples were characterized by elemental analysis (EA), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐NMR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to study their structural characteristics and association behaviours. The results show that the main forms of heteroatoms in asphaltene and resin surface are C‐O‐C, C‐OH, pyridine, pyrrole, and thiophene, and the content of these substances is higher in asphaltene. Compared with resins, asphaltenes contain a more peri‐condensed aromatic structure and shorter alkyl substituent side chains. By studying the hydrogen bond and acid–base interaction, it is found that asphaltene and resin mainly contain OH‐OH, OH‐π, and OH‐ether O, of which the content of OH‐OH is the highest. Asphaltene and resin have more neutral and basic substances. These hydrogen bonds and acid–base interactions caused by heteroatoms are the main forces for the association of the heavy subfractions of the VR.

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Catalytic hydroconversion of soluble portion in the extraction from Hecaogou subbituminous coal to clean liquid fuel over a Y/ZSM-5 composite zeolite-supported nickel catalyst

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Study on the Hydroconversion Law of Coal-Based Heavy Fractions with Different Catalyst Contents Based on an Improved Separation Method

Study on the Hydroconversion Law of Coal-Based Heavy Fractions with Different Catalyst Contents Based on an Improved Separation Method

Advances in Catalytic Hydroconversion of Typical Heavy Carbon Resources under Mild Conditions

Study on molecular structure and association behaviour of heavy subfractions of vacuum residue by an improved separation method

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