Catalytic growth of single-walled nanotubes by laser vaporization

Guo, Ting; Nikolaev, Pavel; Theß, Andreas; Colbert, Daniel T.; Smalley, R. E.

doi:10.1016/0009-2614(95)00825-o

Cited by 1,609 publications

(788 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A single atom or group of atoms adsorb carbon molecules transforming them into rolled graphene-like sheets until too many catalyst atoms accumulate at the end of the nanotube. This results in tube termination with a fullerene cup or atom of catalyst [93,94]. The comprehensive investigation showed a strong effect not only on diameter distribution and yield but also on microstructure and morphology of deposited carbon nanoparticles.…”

Section: Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon nanotubes for ultrafast fibre lasers

et al. 2016

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess both remarkable optical properties and high potential for integration in various photonic devices. We overview, here, recent progress in CNT applications in fibre optics putting particular emphasis on fibre lasers. We discuss fabrication and characterisation of different CNTs, development of CNTbased saturable absorbers (CNT-SA), their integration and operation in fibre laser cavities putting emphasis on stateof-the-art fibre lasers, mode locked using CNT-SA. We discuss new design concepts of high-performance ultrafast operation fibre lasers covering ytterbium (Yb), bismuth (Bi), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm) and holmium (Ho)-doped fibre lasers.

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Section: Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First introduced in 1995, the laser ablation process uses a pulsed laser, which hits a graphite target in the high-temperature reactor in the presence of inert gas [93]. An inert gas carries carbon vapours along the temperature gradient from the high temperature into a cooled collector positioned downstream ( Figure 1B).…”

Section: Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes for ultrafast fibre lasers

et al. 2016

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“…Most of the previously reported methods for the fabrication of these one-dimensional nanostructures involve multi-step processes, following CNT synthesis [6][7][8]. Various techniques have been developed for the synthesis of CNTs [9][10][11]. Thermal (catalytic) CVD still remain one of the dominant methods of their production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single step process for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and metal/alloy-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes

2007

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A single-step approach for the synthesis of multi-walled nanotubes (MWNT) filled with nanowires of Ni/ternary Zr based hydrogen storage alloy has been illustrated. We also demonstrate the generation of COfree hydrogen by methane decomposition over alloy hydride catalyst. The present work also highlights the formation of single-walled nanotubes (SWNT) and MWNTs at varying process conditions. These carbon nanostructures have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution TEM (HRTEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and Raman spectroscopy. This new approach overcomes the existing multi-step process limitation, with possible impact on the development of future fuel cell, nano-battery and hydrogen sensor technologies.

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“…SWCNTs are of tubular structure formed by wrapping a single-layer graphene sheet, whereas MWCNTs consist of multiple graphitic layers where the interlayer distance is approximately 0.34 nm. [8,9] In the past two decades, arc discharge, [10] laser ablation, [11] and chemical vapour deposition (CVD) [12] methods have been developed for CNTs production in large quantities as massive production of CNTs is required for most applications. Various methods existed to produce CNTs but they all have three ingredients in common which consist of carbon source, catalyst nanoparticles and input energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Co and Ni nanoparticles formation on carbon nanotubes growth via PECVD

Lee

Haniff

Teh

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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The effect of cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) nanoparticle catalysts on the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were studied, where the CNTs were vertically grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) method. The growth conditions were fixed at a temperature of 700 C with a pressure of 1000 mTorr for 40 minutes with various thicknesses of sputtered metal catalysts. Only multiwalled carbon nanotubes are present from the growth as large average diameter of outer tube (»10À30 nm) were measured for both of the catalysts used. Experimental results show that high density of CNTs was observed especially towards thicker catalysts layers where larger and thicker nanotubes were formed. The nucleation of the catalyst with various thicknesses was also studied as the absorption of the carbon feedstock is dependent on the initial size of the catalyst island. The average diameter of particle size increases from 4 to 10 nm for Co and Ni catalysts. A linear relationship is shown between the nanoparticle size and the diameter of tubes with catalyst thicknesses for both catalysts. The average growth rate of Co catalyst is about 1.5 times higher than Ni catalyst, which indicates that Co catalyst has a better role in growing CNTs with thinner catalyst layer. It is found that Co yields higher growth rate, bigger diameter of nanotube and thicker wall as compared to Ni catalyst. However, variation in Co and Ni catalysts thicknesses did not influence the quality of CNTs grown, as only minor variation in I G /I D ratio from Raman spectra analysis. The study reveals that the catalysts thickness strongly affects not only nanotube diameter and growth rate but also morphology of the nanoparticles formed during the process without influencing the quality of CNTs.

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Catalytic growth of single-walled nanotubes by laser vaporization

Cited by 1,609 publications

References 16 publications

Carbon nanotubes for ultrafast fibre lasers

Carbon nanotubes for ultrafast fibre lasers

Single step process for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and metal/alloy-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Effect of Co and Ni nanoparticles formation on carbon nanotubes growth via PECVD

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