Catalytic Graphite Inclusion Compounds. II. Potassium Graphite as an Alkylation Catalyst

Abstract

MARCH 1955POT.4SSIUB.I GRAPHITE A S ALKYLATION CATALYST 40 1 flashed to thi: cold trap at 1 mm. pressure. The products were worked up in the usual manner to give a 23y0 yield of 1-chloro-3-ethoxy-1-propyne. cis-1-Bromo-1-chloro-1-propene (H,Br). Bromine was addedto a mixture 3f 90% trans-1-chloro-1-propene and 1Oy0 czs-

Functionalization of Potassium Graphite

“…The most common stoichiometry is C 8 K 7. Although, initially, C 8 K was used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions,8 and in the nuclear and side‐chain alkylation of aromatic compounds by ethylene,9 the use of C 8 K as a reducing agent has also been investigated 10–20. The use of C 8 K as a metallation agent in the alkylation of nitriles, esters,21 and oxazines,22 and in the reductive cleavage of carbon–sulfur bonds in vinylic and allylic sulfones has been reported 23.…”

Functionalization of Potassium Graphite

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] The most common stoichiometry is C 8 K. [7] Although, initially, C 8 K was used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions, [8] and in the nuclear and side-chain alkylation of aromatic compounds by ethylene, [9] the use of C 8 K as a reducing agent has also been investigated. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The use of C 8 K as a metallation agent in the alkylation of nitriles, esters, [21] and oxazines, [22] and in the reductive cleavage of carbonsulfur bonds in vinylic and allylic sulfones has been reported.…”

The ultrastructure of carbons, catalytically active graphitic compounds and zeolitic catalysts

“…(b) Graphite intercalates M any intercalates of graphite, at least on the laboratory scale, exhibit promising degrees of catalytic activity in reactions as diverse as am m onia synthesis (Sudo et 1969), dim erization of propylene to methylpentenes and of isobutylene to 2 ,4, 4-trim ethylpentenes (H am bling & Yeo 1963), alkylation of benzene with propylene (Podall & Foster 1958), hydrodealkylation of alkylaromatics (Ichikawa et al 1973) and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (T am Rosynek & W inder 1979). There have been reports that metal chloride, intercalated graphite, when reduced, or when appropriately treated with alkali metal intercalated graphite, yield particularly efficient catalysts for a variety of reactions, especially the conversion of 'syngas' (CO + H 2 mixtures derived from coal gasification with steam) to a range of hydrocarbons and some oxygen-containing products.…”