Catalytic effect of poly(silicon‐containing arylacetylene) with terminal acetylene on the curing reaction and properties of a bisphenol A type cyanate ester

Cai, Mingcheng; Yuan, Qiaolong; Huang, Farong

doi:10.1002/pi.5679

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…To quantitatively assess the capacity of PN-NH 2 as a catalyst for CEs, its catalytic activity as well as influence on mechanical properties are compared with other catalysts that are normally used for CEs − . The reviewed CEs with different catalysts are listed in Table S1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amine-Containing Phthalonitrile Catalyst for Cyanate Esters with High Catalytic Activity and Low Side Effects

Jiang,

Yin,

Xing

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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The curing reaction of cyanate ester (CE) resin is characterized by high temperature and long time, which makes its preparation process complicated, time-consuming, and energy-consuming. To reduce their curing temperature and time, a nonmetallic catalyst, 4-(4-aminophenoxy) phthalonitrile (PN-NH 2 ), was applied to accelerate the curing of bisphenol E cyanate ester (BECE). The effects of PN-NH 2 contents on the curing behavior, thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties of PN-NH 2 /BECE were investigated. The characteristic curing temperatures of PN-NH 2 /BECE, compared to that of pure BECE, were significantly decreased by the incorporation of PN-NH 2 and so was the activation energy. For instance, when the content of PN-NH 2 ≥ 7 wt %, the mixtures would gel at room temperature and the activation energy was decreased by 42.4% for Ozawa−Flynn−Wall method and 45.2% for Kissiger−Akahira− Sunose method; compared with pure BECE, the maximum reduction of onset, peak, and endset temperatures for catalyzed resins are decreased by 198.6, 93.5, and 61.9 °C, respectively. In addition, unlike the traditional catalysts, PN-NH 2 was chemically bounded to the cross-linked network of CE, thus avoiding stress concentration, migration, precipitation, and plasticizing effects of residual catalysts in the cured resins. Consequently, the superior properties of BECE, such as mechanical (flexural strength >163 MPa and tensile strength >107 MPa) and dielectric properties (dielectric constant of 2.94 to 3.17), were retained whilst the curing temperatures were greatly reduced. The improved processability could broaden the application of cyanate esters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amine-Containing Phthalonitrile Catalyst for Cyanate Esters with High Catalytic Activity and Low Side Effects

Jiang,

Yin,

Xing

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…The PSA resins, namely PSPN, BSPN, PSNP and BSNP, were synthesized using Grignard reagent reactions from two kinds of essential regents, 33,34 i.e. diynes (2,7‐diethynylnaphthalene for SNP resins and m ‐diethynylbenzene for SPN resins) and chlorosilanes (dichlorodimethylsilane for linear resins and methyltrichlorosilane for branched resins).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly heat‐resistant branched silicon‐containing arylacetylene resins with low curing temperature

Ling

Zhu

Cai

et al. 2021

Polymer International

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Silicon‐containing arylacetylene (PSA) resins exhibit excellent thermal stability. However, the high curing temperature limits their applications. Herein, we report that changing the topology of PSA resins from linear to branched effectively decreases their curing temperature with no deterioration of thermal stability. Two sets of resins based on silyleneethynylene–naphthalene–ethynylene (SNP) and silyleneethynylene–phenyl–ethynylene (SPN) repeat units were studied. It is found that the branched resins exhibit considerably lower thermal curing temperatures than their linear counterparts. The exothermic peaks for branched SNP (BSNP) and branched SPN (BSPN) are about 190 and 214 °C, respectively, which are 18 and 25 °C lower than those for their linear counterparts (i.e. PSNP and PSPN). Density functional theory was applied to theoretically explain the differences in the thermal curing temperature between the linear and branched resins. The lower curing temperature of the branched PSAs is attributed to the greater number of terminal alkyne groups per molecule which increases the reactivity of the curing reaction to transform into a crosslinked structure. In addition, Td5 (the temperature at 5% mass loss) for BSNP and BSPN resins are 653 and 613 °C, respectively, which are comparable with those for their linear counterparts. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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“…To reduce energy consumption and ensure the mechanical properties of the resin casting body, catalysts can be added to reduce the curing reaction temperature of thermosetting resins, reduce the time, save on costs, and improve the mechanical properties of the resin [18,19]. Water, phenol, transition metal complexes, and active hydrogen compounds have been used in the catalytic curing of cyanate esters to reduce their cure temperature [20][21][22][23]. However, there have been some problems during the curing reaction of cyanate ester blend resins, such as incomplete curing at low temperatures and possible residual free isocyanates in the cured products [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Catalytic Curing Reaction and Mechanical Properties of a New Composite Resin Matrix Material for Rocket Fuel Storage Tanks

Li,

Liu,

Xue

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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In this paper, an equimolar blend of bisphenol A dipropargyl ether and cyanate ester was selected to study the effect of different catalysts on the curing reaction of a bisphenol A dipropargyl ether and cyanate ester blended resin system, and the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the catalytically cured blended resin system were investigated. Acetylacetone salts of transition metals and dibutyl ditin laurate reduced the curing temperature of bisphenol AF-type di cyanate ester, and copper acetylacetonate at a mass fraction of 0.3% significantly reduced the curing temperature of bisphenol AF-type di cyanate ester to less than 473 K. Bisphenol A dipropargyl ether pr-polymerized and equimolarly blended with bisphenol A di cyanate ester and bisphenol E-type di cyanate ester also cured below 473 K under the same conditions. Among the cured compounds of the blended resins of bisphenol A dipropargyl ether with bisphenol AF-type di cyanate ester, bisphenol A-type di cyanate ester and bisphenol E-type di cyanate ester, the blended resins of bisphenol A-type di cyanate ester and bisphenol E-type di cyanate ester have better overall performance. The residual rate of 873 K in air was 38%, and the flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength were 129.4 MPa, 4.3 GPa, and 27.3 kJ·m−2, respectively. This kind of blended resin is expected to be used in the liquid oxygen storage tanks of rockets.

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Catalytic effect of poly(silicon‐containing arylacetylene) with terminal acetylene on the curing reaction and properties of a bisphenol A type cyanate ester

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Amine-Containing Phthalonitrile Catalyst for Cyanate Esters with High Catalytic Activity and Low Side Effects

Amine-Containing Phthalonitrile Catalyst for Cyanate Esters with High Catalytic Activity and Low Side Effects

Highly heat‐resistant branched silicon‐containing arylacetylene resins with low curing temperature

The Catalytic Curing Reaction and Mechanical Properties of a New Composite Resin Matrix Material for Rocket Fuel Storage Tanks

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