Catalytic CVD Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes: Towards High Yield and Low Temperature Growth

Magrez, Arnaud; Seo, Jin Won; Smajda, Rita; Mionić, Marijana; Forró, Lászlø

doi:10.3390/ma3114871

Cited by 143 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is a simple and economic technique for synthesizing CNTs at low temperature and ambient pressure [7]. In this work a solution of ferrocene, Fe(C 5 H 5 ) 2 in toluene (in a suitable ratio) was injected into a two-stage furnace whose reaction zone was maintained at 760°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes for Oil-water Interfacial Tension Reduction

Soleimani¹,

Yahya²,

Mk³

et al. 2015

OGR

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A conventional recovery method has an adverse effect towards unconventional reservoir production. A nanoparticle leads as a primary candidate to develop the unconventional reservoir and it is considered as one of the latest technology in oil and gas industry. Therefore this research is intended to study the effects of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) towards interfacial tension. Practically MWCNTs were successfully synthesized using CVD technique by pyrolizing toluene and ferrocene in inert gas environment and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) in order to understand its structure, shape, size and morphology. The characterization results show the CNTs are in cylindrical shape and well aligned. After characterization, a pendant drop experiment was carried out to further understand the effect of Carbon Nanotubes on Interfacial Tension (IFT). Since the Carbon Nanotubes are very "cloudy" the drop phase could not be identified and the Interfacial Tension was not calculated by the software. Due to this major setback, the Surface Tension was calculated with different concentration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes for Oil-water Interfacial Tension Reduction

Soleimani¹,

Yahya²,

Mk³

et al. 2015

OGR

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“…Here, we report a systematic improvement of the mechanical strength of MWNTs grown using the multicomponent catalyst with Fe-Co active component 24,25 and annealed in pure argon flow at 2200-2800 o C. 26 The contrast to the previous studies, 21 where no considerable reinforcement was detected, is ascribed to a better control of the heat treatment procedure and to the much better quality of the pristine tubes grown on the alloyed Fe-Co nanoparticles forming in-situ under ethylene flow. 25 Today, for MWCNTs synthesis, different improved catalyst preparation methods are developed 27 and the carbon nanotube batches produced can be more uniform. 28 Also, the catalyst composition was optimized versus the quality and quantity of the MWCNTs produced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement of CVD grown multi-walled carbon nanotubes by high temperature annealing

et al. 2013

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We report on the increase of the Young's modulus (E) of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) upon high temperature heat treatment. The post heat-treatment at 2200–2800ºC in a controlled atmosphere results in a considerable improvement of the microstructure, chemical stability and electro-physical properties of the nanotubes. The Young's modulus of MWNTs of different diameters was measured by the deflection of a single tube suspended across the hole of silicon nitride membrane and loaded by an atomic force microscope tip. Contrary to previous reports, a strong increase of E was feasible due to the improved growth conditions of pristine carbon nanotubes and to the improved heat treatment conditions. However, the elastic modulus of CVD grown MWNTs still shows strong diameter dependence resulting from the remaining structural inhomogeneities in large diameter nanotubes.

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“…1 Owing to their unique physical and chemical properties, CNTs have been used in a wide range of applications from electronics, composites, catalyst support to many biological applications (e.g., separation, drug delivery, medical imaging). As a result, the quantity of tubular ENMs manufactured is ever-increasing, and it has raised considerable concern about the risk to human health and the environment because of their resemblance with highly toxic asbestos fibers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Investigation of the Cellular Toxicity of Boron Nitride Nanotubes

et al. 2011

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Nanotubes present one of the most promising opportunities in nanotechnology with a plethora of applications in nanoelectronics, mechanical engineering, as well as in biomedical technology. Due to their structure and some physical properties, boron nitride (BN) nanotubes (BNNTs) possess several advantages over carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and they are now commercially produced and used on a large scale. The human and environmental exposure to BN nanomaterials is expected to increase in the near future, and their biological responses need to be examined. Using complementary assays, we have extensively investigated the effects of BNNTs on the viability and metabolic status of different cell types: on the one hand, the effects on cells present in the lung alveoli, and on the other hand, on human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. Our results indicate that BNNTs are cytotoxic for all cell types studied and, in most cases, are more cytotoxic than CNTs in their pristine (p-CNT) and functionalized (f-CNT) form. However, the level of toxicity and the prominent morphological alterations in the cell populations withstanding BNNT exposure are cell-type-dependent. For instance, BNNTs induced extensive multinucleated giant cell formation in macrophages and increased levels of eosinophilia in fibroblasts. Finally, our results point the toxicity of tubular nanomaterials to be strongly correlated with the cellular accumulation enhanced for straight nanotubes.

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Catalytic CVD Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes: Towards High Yield and Low Temperature Growth

Cited by 143 publications

References 54 publications

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes for Oil-water Interfacial Tension Reduction

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes for Oil-water Interfacial Tension Reduction

Reinforcement of CVD grown multi-walled carbon nanotubes by high temperature annealing

In Vitro Investigation of the Cellular Toxicity of Boron Nitride Nanotubes

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