Catalytic coupling of biomass-derived aldehydes into intermediates for biofuels and materials

Abstract

Catalytic upgrading of biomass-based aldehydes into chain-extended intermediates for downstream applications in biofuels, fine chemicals, and renewable materials, is reviewed.

Selective production of phase-separable product from a mixture of biomass-derived aqueous oxygenates

“…For homogeneous catalysts, although high yield can be achieved, the separation of the catalyst after reaction is difficult 8 , 9 . For heterogeneous catalysts, the selectivities for certain reactions are rather low 10 and both types of catalysts demand high purity of feedstock 11 , which is a major obstacle to industrialization of biomass conversion. In ABE fermentation broth conversion, deprotonation of the C–H group at the α-positions of the primary products, including acetone, acetaldehyde, and butanal is not selective.…”

Waste Seashells as a Highly Active Catalyst for Cyclopentanone Self-Aldol Condensation

“…This result was also confirmed by SEM-EDS (as shown in Figures S2 and S3 in the supporting information). Compared with S-shell and C-shell, O-shell has more impurity elements (such as Na, Mg, Si, S, Cl), even if calcined at 950 • C. 1 : measured by physical adsorption, 2 : measured by ICP, 3 : contact angle-measured by optical contact angle measurement.…”

“…With the depleting supplies of fossil fuel and increasing environmental problems, the catalytic conversion of biomass to fuel and chemicals has been gaining great attention [1][2][3]. Compared with other biomass, lignocellulose, which is derived from agricultural waste and forest residues, is much cheaper and more abundant.…”

Enzymatic synthesis of biobased aliphatic–aromatic oligoesters using 5,5′-bis(hydroxymethyl)furoin as a building block

“…3 A multitude of catalytic approaches has been implemented to produce HMF derivatives with potential uses as fuel additives, solvents or monomers. [4][5][6] Within this last category, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and its diester derivatives, have been successfully employed for the production of furanic-aliphatic polyester, which are promising biobased analogues of polyethylene terephthalate [7][8][9][10][11][12] with an increased biodegradability. 13,14 Again in the eld of monomers for polyester synthesis, HMF is also a valuable precursor for polyols like, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, 1,6-hexanediol, achievable through selective catalytic hydrogenation.…”