Catalytic conversion of glycerol to bio-based aromatics using H-ZSM-5 in combination with various binders

He, Shan; Goldhoorn, Hero Reinder; Tegudeer, Zhuorigebatu; Chandel, Anshu; Heeres, André; Liu, Chuncheng; Pidko, Evgeny A.; Heeres, Hero Jan

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2021.106944

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…27 The methodology of removing a small portion of the complete inventory of the regenerator and replacing it with the fresh catalyst to compensate for rapid catalyst deactivation, which has been practically successful in FCC process, 46 could be applied here as well. A laboratory-scale cofluid catalytic cracking unit, 47 which consists of multiple feeding system for cofeeding various feedstocks (e.g., glycerol and toluene) and a circulation system for catalytic cracking in a downer and catalyst regeneration in a riser, has been designed and constructed. The relevant research on catalyst reactionregeneration cycles is under investigation and will be reported in due course.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major issue for the catalytic pyrolysis of glycerol is reversible catalyst deactivation related to coke formation, as well as irreversible catalyst deactivation after a few reaction-regeneration cycles . A benchmark study using pure glycerol and unmodified H-ZSM-5 zeolite revealed that irreversible catalyst deactivation is related to dealumination of the H-ZSM-5 framework, , which could be moderated by using a proper binder, e.g ., Al 2 O 3 , to formulate an H-ZSM-5/Al 2 O 3 (60/40, wt %) catalyst. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 A benchmark study using pure glycerol and unmodified H-ZSM-5 zeolite 26 revealed that irreversible catalyst deactivation is related to dealumination of the H-ZSM-5 framework, 26,27 which could be moderated by using a proper binder, e.g., Al 2 O 3 , to formulate an H-ZSM-5/Al 2 O 3 (60/40, wt %) catalyst. 28,29 Nevertheless, there is an incentive to increase the state-ofthe-art catalyst performance for glycerol to aromatics (GTA) to enhance the chance of success for industrial implementation. Considerable efforts have been made on tailoring the properties of the H-ZSM-5 zeolite (e.g., Lewis/Brønsted acidity, microporosity, crystallinity, and hydrophilicity) by modification with various metals (such as Zn, 30 Ga, 31 and Sn 32 ) and by using zeolites with hierarchical structures (e.g., via alkali treatment 33 or using templates 34 ).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Enhanced Bio-BTX Formation by Catalytic Pyrolysis of Glycerol with In Situ Produced Toluene as the Cofeed

Wang,

Kramer,

Yan

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The catalytic coconversion of glycerol and toluene (93/7 wt %) over a technical H-ZSM-5/Al 2 O 3 (60−40 wt %) catalyst was studied, aiming for enhanced production of biobased benzene, toluene, and xylenes (bio-BTX). When using glycerol/toluene cofeed with a mass ratio of 93/7 wt %, a peak BTX carbon yield of 29.7 ± 1.1 C.% (at time on stream (TOS) of 1.5−2.5 h), and an overall BTX carbon yield of 28.7 C.% (during TOS of 8.5 h) were obtained, which are considerably higher than those (19.1 ± 0.4 C.% and 11.0 C.%) for glycerol alone. Synergetic effects when cofeeding toluene on the peak and overall BTX carbon yields were observed and quantified, showing a relative increase of 3.1% and 30.0% for the peak and overall BTX carbon yield (based on the feedstock). These findings indicate that the strategy of cofeeding in situ produced toluene for the conversion of glycerol to aromatics has potential to increase BTX yields. In addition, BTX production on the catalyst (based on the fresh catalyst during the first run for TOS of 8.5 h and without regeneration) is significantly improved to 0.547 ton ton −1 catalyst (excluding the 76% of toluene product that is 0.595 ton ton −1 catalyst for the recycle in the cofeed) for glycerol/toluene cofeed, which was 0.426 ton ton −1 catalyst for glycerol alone. In particular, this self-sufficient toluene product recycling strategy is advantageous for the production and selectivity (relative increase of 84.4% and 43.5% during TOS of 8.5 h) of biobased xylenes.

show abstract

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Enhanced Bio-BTX Formation by Catalytic Pyrolysis of Glycerol with In Situ Produced Toluene as the Cofeed

Wang,

Kramer,

Yan

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another study reported in situ deactivation due to the conditions of the pyrolysis and reaction intermediates. He et al [56] in their study to produce bio-based aromatics from glycerol revealed that dealumination of H-ZSM-5 occurred, which severely affected the crystallinity and acidity of the catalyst. This dealumination was attributed to catalyst exposure to steam generated by glycerol dehydration and the framework interaction with intermediate oxygenates.…”

Section: Deactivation Of Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Conversion of Glycerol to Bio-Based Aromatics

Okoye¹,

Duque-Brito²,

Lobata-Peralta³

et al. 2023

Ethanol and Glycerol Chemistry - Production, Modelling, Applications, and Technological Aspects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Green application of biodiesel-derived glycerol will boost biodiesel production in terms of sustainability and economics. The glycerol to liquid fuels is a promising route that provides an additional energy source, which contributes significantly to energy transition besides biodiesel. This pathway could generate alkyl-aromatic hydrocarbons with a yield of ∼60%, oxygenates, and gases. MFI Zeolites (H-ZSM-5) catalysts are mainly used to propagate the aromatization pathway. This chapter presents the pathways, challenges, catalytic design, influences of catalyst acidity, metal addition, reaction condition, and catalysts deactivation on glycerol conversion to hydrocarbon fuels and aromatics. Studies revealed that time on stream, temperature, and weight hourly space velocity (range of 0.1–1 h−1) influences the benzene, toluene, and xylene BTX and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene BTEX yield. Acidity of the H-ZSM-5 could be tailored by metals, additives, and binders. Bronsted acidity promotes coke formation which results in reversible deactivation of the H-ZSM-5 catalyst. It is hoped that this study will promote intensified research on the use of glycerol for purposes of fuel generating and valuable products.

show abstract

“…Considering biomass as an alternative feedstock, lower olefins could be derived directly via catalytic pyrolysis or indirectly using biomass intermediates including alcohols and other oxygenates [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass to aromatics has been shown to produce a significant amount (~15-25 % carbon yield) of ethene and propene as co-products [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of Producing Aromatics from Propene over Ethene Using Zeolite‐Based Catalysts

Butolia

Winkelman

et al. 2022

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sustainable production of aromatics, especially benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX), is essential considering their broad applications and the current global transition away from crude oil utilization. Aromatization of lower olefins, particularly ethene and propene, offers great potential if they are derived from more circular alternative carbon feedstocks such as biomass and waste plastics. This work aims to identify the preferred olefin feed, ethene or propene, for BTX production in a fixed-bed reactor. A commercial H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al = 23) catalyst was used as a reference catalyst, as well as a Ga-ZSM-5 catalyst, prepared by Ga ion-exchange of the H-ZSM-5 catalyst. At 773 K, 1 bar, 45 vol % olefin, 6.75 h -1 , propene aromatization over the Ga-ZSM-5 catalyst exhibited higher BTX selectivity of 55 % and resulted in slower catalyst deactivation compared to ethene aromatization.

show abstract

Catalytic conversion of glycerol to bio-based aromatics using H-ZSM-5 in combination with various binders

Cited by 17 publications

References 46 publications

Enhanced Bio-BTX Formation by Catalytic Pyrolysis of Glycerol with In Situ Produced Toluene as the Cofeed

Enhanced Bio-BTX Formation by Catalytic Pyrolysis of Glycerol with In Situ Produced Toluene as the Cofeed

Catalytic Conversion of Glycerol to Bio-Based Aromatics

Advantages of Producing Aromatics from Propene over Ethene Using Zeolite‐Based Catalysts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About