Catalytic conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over biomass-based activated carbon catalyst

Abstract

Highlights  Biomass-based activated carbon catalysts modified with Lewis or Brønsted acid sites were prepared  Catalysts were used to convert glucose to HMF in biphasic water:THF system  51% HMF yield was obtained with catalytic mixture containing both Lewis and Brønsted acid sites  The water phase containing the catalyst was recycled successfully Abstract Selective and efficient dehydration of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been widely explored research problem recently, especially from the perspective of more sustainable heterogeneous catalysts. In this study, activated carbon was first produced from a lignocellulosic waste material, birch sawdust. Novel heterogeneous catalysts were then prepared from activated carbon by adding Lewis or Brønsted acid sites on the carbon surface. Prepared catalysts were used to convert glucose to HMF in biphasic water:THF system at 160 °C. The highest HMF yield and selectivity, 51% and 78%, respectively, were obtained in 8 hours with a catalytic mixture containing both Lewis and Brønsted acid sites. Also, preliminary recycling experiments were performed. Based on this study, biomass-based activated carbon catalysts show promise for the conversion of glucose to HMF.

Influence of Dimethylsulfoxide and Dioxygen in the Fructose Conversion to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Mediated by Glycerol's Acidic Carbon

“…From 2nd to 3rd run, conversion reduced from 57.2 to 38.3%, while the 5-HMF selectivity has stabilized. This behavior is similar to that previously observed (Nunes et al, 2020) and also reported in other works (Portillo Perez et al, 2019;Rusanen et al, 2019). The main reasons found in the literature are (I) loss of -COOH/-SO3H groups and (II) deactivation of the acid sites by deposition/anchoring of humins on carbon surface.…”

Synthesis and Application of Heterogeneous Catalysts Based on Heteropolyacids for 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Production from Glucose

“…The process to convert glucose into HMF is influenced by several variables, such as the temperature, type of catalyst, reaction time, and reaction medium composition. Regarding the reaction medium, a variety of solvents has been evaluated for such a purpose, including aqueous, organic, and biphasic systems (water mixtures and organic solvents), as well as ionic liquids [8][9][10][11]. Glucose dehydration reactions tend to be more selective in the presence of aprotic solvents, e.g., dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran, acetone, and n-butanol.…”

Rapid, High‐Yield Fructose Dehydration to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural in Mixtures of Water and the Noncoordinating Ionic Liquid [bmim][OTf]

“…Of the 94 productso btained from these sugars, 25 were selected as involving feasible technologiest hat are suitablef or large-scale prototype testing in ap ilot plant. [11][12][13] Other research has focused on optimizingh eterogeneous catalysts for dehydration reactions involving both metal catalysts [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and supported ionic liquids. [3] The main route to form HMF is by the dehydration of sugars, [4] and important resultsh ave been achieved for HMF production using ionic liquids.…”

“…[10] Deep eutectic solvents andw ater have also been investigated for the dehydration of fructose into HMF but improvedy ields are still needed. [11][12][13] Other research has focused on optimizingh eterogeneous catalysts for dehydration reactions involving both metal catalysts [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and supported ionic liquids. [21,22] In particular, ionic liquidsw ith halide counteranions have provenv ery efficient for the production of HMF from fructose, glucose,a nd cellulose with both Brønsted and Lewis acid catalysts.…”