Catalytic Conversion of Carbohydrate Biomass in Ionic Liquids to 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural and Levulinic Acid: A Review

Ramli, Nur Aainaa Syahirah; Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina

doi:10.1007/s12155-020-10125-8

Cited by 54 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 178 publications

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“…A mixedacid system with both Lewis acids and Brønsted acids (CrCl 3 −H 3 PO 4 ) was developed to produce LA from glucose, which was proven to possess a strong synergic catalytic activity with 49.8% yield of LA [92]. In recent years, studies have increased for ionic liquids as a solvent or catalyst for LA production from lignocellulose [18,93,94]. Ren et al [95] reported that a sulfonated ionic liquid ([C 3 SO 3 Hmim]HSO 4 ) exhibited high catalysis activity and good recyclability with an LA yield of 55% from cellulose by microwave-assisted synthesis with at 160 • C for 30 min.…”

Section: Homogeneous Catalysts For the Levulinic Acid Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-Review on the Synthesis of Furfural and Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Jiang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Processes

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Efficient conversion of renewable biomass into value-added chemicals and biofuels is regarded as an alternative route to reduce our high dependence on fossil resources and the associated environmental issues. In this context, biomass-based furfural and levulinic acid (LA) platform chemicals are frequently utilized to synthesize various valuable chemicals and biofuels. In this review, the reaction mechanism and catalytic system developed for the generation of furfural and levulinic acid are summarized and compared. Special efforts are focused on the different catalytic systems for the synthesis of furfural and levulinic acid. The corresponding challenges and outlooks are also observed.

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Section: Homogeneous Catalysts For the Levulinic Acid Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-Review on the Synthesis of Furfural and Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Jiang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Processes

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“…109 Direct one-pot conversion of biomass to 5-HMF and LA in ionic liquid has also been explored widely. 110 An integrated zero-discharge process has been reported, which can be polished for selective production of HMF (up to 91% yield) and levulinic acid (56% yield) from aqueous seaweed extract using KHSO 4 catalyst. 111 Spent aromatic biomass has been utilised to obtain 5-(chloromethyl)furfural (CMF) with high selectivity (∼80%) using HCl as a cheap catalyst.…”

Section: Chemical Conversion Catalytic Conversion Of Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass to fuels and chemicals: A review of enabling processes and technologies

Rathore

Singh

2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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The growing worldwide concern over the environmental impact of our heavy dependence on fossil fuels has provided impetus for biomass utilisation to produce fuels and chemicals. A cost-effective conversion technology stands as a challenge for biobased fuels and chemicals to be competitive with petroleum-derived products. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in the conversion technologies of biomass, which includes thermochemical and biochemical processes. With a plethora of conversion technologies available, the choice of suitable conversion technology depends on the biomass feedstock availability and the desired end-product. It is observed that present research is focused on the development of catalysts and optimisation of process parameters to improve the economics of conversion technologies. Efforts are also on towards utilisation of cheaper substrate, lignocellulosic biomass and CO 2 -sequestering algae. Though few technologies have reached the commercial stage, conversion technologies for lignocellulosic and marine biomass are still evolving. Further, much impetus is being given to process optimisation for deriving platform chemicals from biomass for value addition and sustainability of the biorefinery concept. Some key developments in these areas are presented in this review.

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“…obtained by hydrolysis of polysaccharides are sources of valuable components (methanol, ethanol, furfural and derivatives, hydroxymethyl-furfural, levulinic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, sorbitol, etc.) (Van Walsum et al, 1996;Ramli & Amin, 2020). The purpose of physical pretreatment is to reduce the particle size by grinding.…”

Section: Mechanical Physico-chemical and Biotechnological Modificatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After alkaline extraction, most hemicellulose fractions dissolve in water (Teymouri et al, 2005;Deepa et al, 2011;Kamm, Gruber & Kamm, 2016). General experience shows that treatment with ionic liquids causes both carbohydrates and lignin to be soluble but not degraded (Ramli & Amin, 2020). Another possibility for chemical pre-treatment is the use of organic solvents; in this case, an organic solvent is used in the presence of an inorganic acid catalyst to break down the bonds between hemicelluloses and lignin to bring the lignin into solution (Wang et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Mechanical Physico-chemical and Biotechnological Modificatimentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of biomass conversion: exploring new opportunities

Fülöp¹,

Ecker²

2020

PeerJ

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Recycling biomass is indispensable these days not only because fossil energy sources are gradually depleted, but also because pollution of the environment, caused by the increasing use of energy, must be reduced. This article intends to overview the results of plant biomass processing methods that are currently in use. Our aim was also to review published methods that are not currently in use. It is intended to explore the possibilities of new methods and enzymes to be used in biomass recycling. The results of this overview are perplexing in almost every area. Advances have been made in the pre-treatment of biomass and in the diversity and applications of the enzymes utilized. Based on molecular modeling, very little progress has been made in the modification of existing enzymes for altered function and adaptation for the environmental conditions during the processing of biomass. There are hardly any publications in which molecular modeling techniques are used to improve enzyme function and to adapt enzymes to various environmental conditions. Our view is that using modern computational, biochemical, and biotechnological methods would enable the purposeful design of enzymes that are more efficient and suitable for biomass processing.

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Catalytic Conversion of Carbohydrate Biomass in Ionic Liquids to 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural and Levulinic Acid: A Review

Cited by 54 publications

References 178 publications

Mini-Review on the Synthesis of Furfural and Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Mini-Review on the Synthesis of Furfural and Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Biomass to fuels and chemicals: A review of enabling processes and technologies

An overview of biomass conversion: exploring new opportunities

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