Catalytic co-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass with polymers: a critical review

Abstract

A perspective and review of recent progress in the catalytic co-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass with polymers is presented.

Development of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Thermo-Chemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass

“…The studies associated with the application of ZSM-5 are also focused on the determination of its catalytic performance in the decomposition of different feedstock or co-pyrolysis processes [12,[19][20][21][22][23]. Fisher et al [19] investigated the effect of the use of ZSM-5 catalyst on the course of fast pyrolysis of spent coffee grounds.…”

“…An efficient catalyst should provide not only high conversion of the feedstock and selectivity of occurred reactions, but also should minimize the amount of arising tar and char, thereby protecting its own The literature data show that nowadays one of the most popular processes of bio-oil production from lignocellulosic biomass is catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapors, which consists of the initial decomposition of the raw material and further upgrading of the formed intermediates with the use of a solid catalyst [10]. However, several review papers demonstrated that bio-oil can also be produced by hydropyrolysis or co-pyrolysis with plastics or other kinds of feedstock like municipal, food, or garden waste [11][12][13].…”

“…However, several review papers demonstrated that bio-oil can also be produced by hydropyrolysis or co-pyrolysis with plastics or other kinds of feedstock like municipal, food, or garden waste [11][12][13].…”

On-line Analysis of Catalytic Reaction Products Using a High-Pressure Tandem Micro-reactor GC/MS

“…14,15 The CFP of biomass has been studied under various reaction conditions with different temperatures and pressures. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Liquid fuels, i.e. bio-oils, produced from the fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, have a high content of water and oxygen, which cause some undesirable properties, such as poor chemical and thermal stabilities.…”

“…pyrolyzates, can be catalytically converted to gaseous and liquid products that are further upgraded to fuels and value-added chemicals. 5,6 CFP has been widely studied using various reactor systems, including a single stage reactor [7][8][9] and a tandem reactor combined with GC/MS or a gas sampling bag and cold-trap condensers. 10,11 When using a single reactor system, the feedstock and a catalyst are mixed; this mixture is heated in the reactor at the desired temperature under a preselected atmosphere.…”