Catalytic Applications of Metal Nanoparticles in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids

Abstract

Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) with a small diameter and narrow size distribution can be prepared by H2 reduction of metal compounds or decomposition of organometallic species dissolved in ionic liquids (ILs). MNPs dispersed in ILs are catalysts for reactions under multiphase conditions. These soluble MNPs possess a pronounced surfacelike rather than single‐site like catalytic properties. In other cases the MNPs are not stable and tend to aggregate or serve as reservoirs of mononuclear catalytically active species.

Antibiotic mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles with potent antimicrobial activity and their application in antimicrobial coatings

“…[27][28][29][30][31][32] Due to their large surface area to volume ratio and biocompatibility, inorganic nanoparticles are considered as ideal candidates for carrying large amounts of antibiotics without compromising their activity. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Additionally, antibiotics and inorganic nanoparticles are often used together as advanced antimicrobial agents due to their ability to act in concert, often having enhanced effectiveness. The advantage of using both antibiotics and inorganic nanoparticles together is that if bacteria have resistance against one of the components, a further component could kill them in a different manner.…”

Palladium nanoparticle catalysts in ionic liquids: synthesis, characterisation and selective partial hydrogenation of alkynes to Z-alkenes

“…Indeed, nitrile functionalised ILs seem to offer one of the best media for the generation of catalytically active Pd nanoparticles 38 since it binds to the metal surface providing the stabilisation, but allows the coordination of substrates. 22 We report herein our preliminary results for the synthesis of Pd(0)-NPs in ILs and their use as efficient catalysts for the partial hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes. Real monodispersed and well-immobilised Pd(0)-NPs were prepared by simple thermal treatment of the precursor Pd(OAc) 2 (OAc ¼ acetate) dissolved in (BCN)MI$NTf 2 IL (BCN$MI$NTf 2 ¼ 1-butyronitrile-3-methylimidazolium-N-bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide).…”

Imidazolium ionic liquids as promoters and stabilising agents for the preparation of metal(0) nanoparticles by reduction and decomposition of organometallic complexes

“…One particularly intriguing field is the synthesis of nanoscale metal catalysts of controlled size and shape, namely metal(0) nanoparticles (M-NPs). [1][2][3][4] ILs have unique and tuneable properties useful in the synthesis of MNPs via chemical routes. This can be controlled simply by incorporating coordinating groups, [5][6][7] varying the coordination strength of the anion, 8,9 or changing the length of the alkyl-chain in the cation.…”