Catalytic Application Of Hydrophobic Properties Of High-Silica Zeolites Ii. Esterification Of Acetic Acid With Butanols

Kinetics of catalytic esterification of propionic acid with different alcohols over Amberlyst 15

“…The values for the ethyl and 1‐butyl propionate systems were 36.2 and 39.2 kJ/mol, respectively. From the open literature, one can notice that the estimated activation energies of various catalytic esterification systems vary significantly 3–11,13,15,17,18,20,22,24,28,31. Aboul‐Magd et al 27 reported an activation energy of around 34 kJ/mol for the 1‐butyl propionate esterification reaction using inorganic ion exchange resin.…”

“…Esters are of great significance in various industrial products including fragrances, flavors, solvents, plasticizers, and medicinal and surface‐active agents 1. Catalytic esterification of alcohols with carboxylic acids using both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts was the focus of many research teams 2–14. Because of environmental and selectivity issues regarding the use of homogeneous catalysts such as sulfuric acid, solid catalysts and especially ion exchange resins have lately attracted the attention of scientists and researchers around the world.…”

Preparation of zeolite-coated pervaporation membranes for the integration of reaction and separation

“…This agrees with the value obtained by Corma et al [20] for the esterification of carboxylic acids in the presence of HY zeolites. H-ZSM5 had the lowest activity of the catalysts tested suggesting that the esterification is internally diffusion-limited due to the medium sized H-ZSM5 zeolite pores [19]. Thus, most of the conversion occurs on the external surface of the crystallites.…”

“…Large-pore zeolites, like X and Y-type zeolites have proven to be efficient catalysts for esterification reactions [19,20]. Zeolite catalytic properties like pore size, acid strength distribution and hydrophobicity can be designed by preparing zeolites with different crystalline structure, acid exchange level and framework Si/Al ratio.…”

Zeolite-Coated Ceramic Pervaporation Membranes; Pervaporation−Esterification Coupling and Reactor Evaluation

“…Composite catalytic membranes have been prepared by applying a zeolite coating on top of ceramic hollow fiber silica membranes. Large-pore zeolites, like Y-type zeolite, have proven to be efficient catalysts for esterification reactions. , Additionally, zeolite coatings have been used as catalyst in various reactions, such as condensation, acylation oxidation, and dehydrogenation reactions. − The performance of the composite catalytic membrane is examined in the esterification reaction between acetic acid and butanol. A preliminary large-scale composite membrane reactor evaluation is carried out based on the obtained experimental data for membrane permeability and catalyst activity.…”