Catalytic and thermal pyrolysis of polycarbonate in a fixed-bed reactor: The effect of catalysts on products yields and composition

Antonakou, Eleni V.; Kalogiannis, Konstantinos G.; Stefanidis, Stylianos D.; Karakoulia, Stamatia A.; Triantafyllidis, Konstantinos S.; Lappas, Angelos A.; Achilias, Dimitris S.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.10.007

Cited by 74 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…S1). When PC materials simply depolymerize to its contexture monomer, CO 2 is also produced with BPA monomer [19,20,[23][24][25][26]. In this study, the CO 2 product is not monitored.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the CO 2 product is not monitored. Moreover, the further decomposition of BPA produces not only phenol but also phenol related compounds such as isopropylphenol and isopropenylphenol [18,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. While the further decomposition products excepting phenol are not identified, a further isopropylphenol decomposition product that can be purchased from Tokyo chemical was not detected by the HPLC analysis (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the chemical recycling of PC materials, the materials were depolymerized via hydrolysis in the presence of Na 2 CO 3 [18], NaOH [19], and manganese acetate [20] as catalytic reagents, via alcoholysis [21,22], and via glycolysis [23]. The chemical recycling of PC materials was also performed using high pressure and high temperature steam [24] or fluidized bed reactor via thermal pyrolysis [25] and via steam hydrolysis [26]. We have also developed techniques for the depolymerization of PC and PET having ester part to their monomers under hydrothermal conditions using subcritical water by a green chemistry process because water is non-toxic, abundant, and eco-friendly, and we evaluated the impact of homogeneous amine aqueous solutions on the depolymerization of the PC and PET samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

CeO2 nanocatalysts for the chemical recycling of polycarbonate

Taguchi

Ishikawa

Kataoka

et al. 2016

Catalysis Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…S1). When PC materials simply depolymerize to its contexture monomer, CO 2 is also produced with BPA monomer [19,20,[23][24][25][26]. In this study, the CO 2 product is not monitored.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

CeO2 nanocatalysts for the chemical recycling of polycarbonate

Taguchi

Ishikawa

Kataoka

et al. 2016

Catalysis Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, there are several drawbacks associated with this approach. First, this method generates a mixture of various products like phenol, 4-isopropenylphenol (IPP), 4-isopropylphenol (iPrP) and other alkyl phenols 14 – 16 , some of which are important chemical feedstock that cannot be properly utilised due to their difficult purification. Secondly, the oil obtained through this approach contains oxygen as part of the phenolic compound, which reduces the calorific value when used as a fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective phenol recovery via simultaneous hydrogenation/dealkylation of isopropyl- and isopropenyl-phenols employing an H2 generator combined with tandem micro-reactor GC/MS

Kumagai

Asakawa

Kameda

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pyrolysis of bisphenol A (BPA), an essential process ingredient used in industry and many everyday life products, helps produce low-industrial-demand chemicals such as isopropenyl- and isopropyl-phenols (IPP and iPrP). In this study, tandem micro-reactor gas chromatography/mass spectrometry combined with an H2 generator (H2-TR-GC/MS) was employed for the first time to investigate the selective recovery of phenol via simultaneous hydrogenation/dealkylation of IPP and iPrP. After investigating the iPrP dealkylation performances of several zeolites, we obtained full iPrP conversion with over 99% phenol selectivity using the Y-zeolite at 350 °C. In contrast, when applied to IPP, the zeolite acid centres caused IPP polymerisation and subsequent IPP-polymer cracking, resulting in many byproducts and reduced phenol selectivity. This challenge was overcome by the addition of 0.3 wt% Ni on the Y-zeolite (0.3Ni/Y), which enabled the hydrogenation of IPP into iPrP and subsequent dealkylation into phenol (full IPP conversion with 92% phenol selectivity). Moreover, the catalyst deactivation and product distribution over repetitive catalytic use were successfully monitored using the H2-TR-GC/MS system. We believe that the findings presented herein could allow the recovery of phenol-rich products from polymeric waste with BPA macro skeleton.

show abstract

“…In general, 400-1000 °C is used for waste depolymerization depending on the technologies (using batch reactor, tubular reactor, fluidized bed, rotary kiln, etc.) [1][2][3][4][5]. Higher temperature promotes the formation of gaseous hydrocarbons, coke deposits, and the products contain lots of cyclic hydrocarbons or aromatics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuels by Waste Plastics Using Activated Carbon, MCM-41, HZSM-5 and Their Mixture

Miskolczi

Williams

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Waste material was pyrolyzed in a horizontal tubular reactor at 530-540°C using different catalysts, such as activated carbon, MCM-41, HZSM-5 and their mixtures. Products were investigated by gas-chromatography, EDXRFS and standardized methods. Catalysts significantly affected the yields of volatiles; e.g. HZSM-5 catalyst increased especially the yield of gaseous hydrocarbons, while MCM-41 catalyst was responsible for increasing the pyrolysis oil yield. Synergistic effects were found using mixtures of different catalysts. Furthermore the catalysts modified the main carbon frame of the products. Pyrolysis oil obtained over HZSM-5 catalyst contained large amounts of aromatics, while MCM-41 catalyst mainly isomerized the carbon frame. Regarding contaminants it was concluded, that the sulphur content could be significantly decreased by activated carbon, however it had only a slight effect to the other properties of the products.

show abstract

Catalytic and thermal pyrolysis of polycarbonate in a fixed-bed reactor: The effect of catalysts on products yields and composition

Cited by 74 publications

References 40 publications

CeO2 nanocatalysts for the chemical recycling of polycarbonate

CeO2 nanocatalysts for the chemical recycling of polycarbonate

Selective phenol recovery via simultaneous hydrogenation/dealkylation of isopropyl- and isopropenyl-phenols employing an H2 generator combined with tandem micro-reactor GC/MS

Fuels by Waste Plastics Using Activated Carbon, MCM-41, HZSM-5 and Their Mixture

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About