Catalytic and gas–solid reactions involving HCN over limestone

Homogeneous and heterogeneously catalyzed oxidation of SO2

“…The large diameter was chosen to minimize the surface/volume ratio (S/V = 0.6 cm −1 ) and to maximize the gas residence time in the oven, since the SO 2 oxidation reaction is quite slow. The heterogeneous reactor was a fixed bed quartz reactor, with solids placed on a porous quartz plate in an isothermal zone (Jensen et al, 1997). Reactant gases were introduced separately in the reactor and mixed just above the porous plate.…”

Sulfation of Condensed Potassium Chloride by SO2

“…The experiments were conducted in a fixed bed quartz reactor, 51 with solid KCl placed on a porous quartz plate in an isothermal zone. A schematic of the reactor is shown in Figure 1.…”

The effect of CaO on emissions of nitric oxide from a fluidised bed combustor

“…10 and 11, particularly the ''pulses'' of [NO]; more precise characterisation of these reactions was beyond the scope of this work, but the presence of calcium cyanamide, CaCN 2 , has been invoked before [34]. Certainly, these experiments show that it is actually possible to generate NO in a fluidised bed, containing CaO, which does apparently react with carbon to produce CaC 2 .…”

“…This was achieved by adding NO to the gas (usually pure N 2 ) fluidising a bed of hot particles and studying the fate of NO in the presence of CaO or graphite, etc. Consequently, neither NH 3 nor HCN were present, although these species can be very important in a combustor burning coal or biomass [34]. Likewise, the only metal present in these experiments was Ca; this simplified matters immensely.…”

“…Here care was taken to avoid the complex chemical reactions producing NO during the combustion of a hydrocarbon or a char particle. In particular, the experiments described below circumvented other chemical complexities, especially those [34] involved in producing NO from the volatile matter or char from e.g. a coal.…”