Catalytic activity of zirconium phosphate and some derived phases in the dehydration of alcohols and isomerization of butenes

From Microporous to Mesoporous Molecular Sieve Materials and Their Use in Catalysis

“…The pillared zirconium phosphates can catalyze isomerization, dehydration and alkylation reactions, − and when they are pillared with organic pillars of the phosphonate or sulfonic acid type, acidic properties are generated. These type of materials are denoted MELS (moleculary engineered layered structures) and look like inorganic−organic acid resins and, as such, can catalyze reactions including butene isomerization, methanol dehydration, MTBE synthesis, aromatics alkylation and cracking. − …”

Structure and Acidic Properties of Phosphate-Modified Zirconia

“…After calcinination at 623−973 K an increasing Brønsted acidity was obtained, which was attributed to the condensation reaction between layers forming pyrophosphate ions . These materials are able to catalyze the cis−trans isomerization of 2-butene or the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol or butanols. , Interesting properties were also observed after partial exchange of H + by metall ions. , …”

Modelling of a microreactor for the partial oxidation of 1-butanol on a titania supported gold catalyst

“…In case of heterogeneous catalysts, metal oxides are commonly used due to their acid-base properties [28,29]. The dehydration of 1-butanol has been studied extensively in the literature by applying different catalysts, such as γ-Al2O3, H-ZSM-5, aluminosilicate and aluminophosphate [26,27,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”