Catalyst-Feedstock-Engineering Interactions in Fluid Catalytic Cracking

Venuto, P.B.; Trouzine, Habib

doi:10.1080/03602457808067529

Cited by 113 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Catalyst activity decreases as the production of coke and hydrogen increase at the expense of gasoline [1]. The presence of metal contaminants on the FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) catalyst has been widely studied by using microscopic and elemental imaging techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [2,3] and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of the Equilibrium FCC Catalyst Surface by AFM and SEM–EDS

Bayraktar

Kugler

2003

Catalysis Letters

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The deposition of metal contaminants (e.g., Ni, V, and Fe) from the hydrocarbon feed causes the deactivation of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst used in petroleum refining. It is very important to understand the changes in the morphology and chemical composition on the catalyst surface and how these structural and chemical changes affect the catalyst performance. In this research, metal-contaminated FCC catalysts from a commercial unit have been characterized using AFM together with SEM-EDS. The AFM images showed the surface pores as well as the features that surround the pore's entrance on the catalyst surface. Catalyst surface contains debris that appear as bright spots in AFM images. SEM-EDS results have shown the presence of iron in these bright spots. Fe enrichment at the catalyst particle surface was also confirmed by XPS analyses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of the Equilibrium FCC Catalyst Surface by AFM and SEM–EDS

Bayraktar

Kugler

2003

Catalysis Letters

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“…About 45% of worldwide gasoline production comes either directly from FCC units or indirectly from combination with downstream units, such as alkylation. Venuto (1978) showed the most common FCC feedstock as a blend of gas oils, from vacuum and atmospheric distillation and delayed coking. Due to the inherent desulphurization during cracking reactions, that results of breaking of the C-S bonds in the feedstock.…”

Section: Fig 1: Fluid Catalytic Cracking Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inventories of SO2 and Particulate Matter Emissions from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units in Petroleum Refineries

Yateem

Nassehi

Khan

2010

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…The introduction of zeolite containing catalysts caused a revolution in catalytic cracking [65], because of their increased catalytic activity and improved yields to gasoline compared to amorphous silica-alumina catalysts. Mechanistically this has been related by Weisz [66] and others to the more efficient hydrogen redistribution between hydrocarbon molecules over zeolite catalysts, resulting in high rates of intermolecular hydrogen transfer, coupled with extremely high intrinsic cracking activity.…”

Section: Catalyst Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular sieve zeolite technology - the first twenty-five years

Flanigen¹

1980

Pure and Applied Chemistry

115

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In twenty-five years molecular sieve zeolites have substantially impacted adsorption and catalytic process technology throughout the chemical process industries; provided timely solutions to energy and environmental problems; and grown to over a hundred million dollar industry worldwide. The evolution in zeolite materials with improved or novel properties has strongly influenced the expansion of their applications, and provided new flexibility in the design of products and processes.

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Catalyst-Feedstock-Engineering Interactions in Fluid Catalytic Cracking

Cited by 113 publications

References 117 publications

Visualization of the Equilibrium FCC Catalyst Surface by AFM and SEM–EDS

Visualization of the Equilibrium FCC Catalyst Surface by AFM and SEM–EDS

Inventories of SO2 and Particulate Matter Emissions from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units in Petroleum Refineries

Molecular sieve zeolite technology - the first twenty-five years

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