Catalyst development for coal liquefaction. Final report

Bertolacini, Ralph; Gutberlet, L. C.; Kim, D. K.; Robinson, Ken K.

doi:10.2172/6027564

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In some situations carbonaceous deposits will accumulate at the external surface of the catalyst particle. This "Type II" carbon deposition has been observed on spent coal liquefaction catalysts (1), and on catalysts that had seen service in the hydrotreatment of heavy coal liquids (2,3). It appears that the critical factor is the presence of benzene (or toluene)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Novel supports for coal liquefaction catalysts

Haynes¹

1990

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Estimates of liquid circulation rates were obtained from an analysis of the cold model data and a plot of these values versus stirrer speed appears to be unique for the 60°axial impeller. The recycle ratio is typically of the order of 1000/1 or greater, and for all practical purposes the reactor may be treated as a perfectly mixed reactor. The work up of hydrotreating Run PDJ03 is complete. The run was terminated prematurely due to a rupture disk failure, but eight of the ten planned balance periods were completed. Carbon material balances were slightly high, ranging from 100.7% to 106.7%. Reaction rates for hydrogen uptake, hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation were calculated. The catalyst did not deactivate significantly for the duration of the run and no evidence of catalyst attrition was observed after 215 hours of service. DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an ac._unt of work sponsored by an agency of th¢ United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express, cr implied, or assumes an)' legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or u_fulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endor_,ement, recommendation, or favoring by the United Sta_cs Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency ther_f.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Novel supports for coal liquefaction catalysts

Haynes¹

1990

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“…In severe cases the particles may become cemented to one another, but in any case this buildup is likely to lead to a premature deactivation of the catalyst. Such deposits have been reported on spend SYNTHOIL catalysts (47), and on used catalysts from a bench scale coal liquefaction unit (8). The hydrotreatment of heavy coal derived liquids can also give rise to external carbonaceous deposits when benzene (or toluene) insolubles are present (11,48).…”

Section: Cum Wts Oil Per Wt Catalystmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The catalyst selected for this investigation was a CoMo/Alumina catalyst (Amocat lA) provided by the Amoco Oil Company. This catalyst was designed specifically for coal liquefaction applications as described in Amoco reports (8,9). Properties of the catalyst are compiled in Table 1.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Alkalineearth-promoted Como/alumina Cata-lystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of Idemitsu R-HYC and Amocat lA catalyst for pyridine conversion. Table 42 run conditions. carbonaceous material without blocking th e pores (8,9,40,43). Since the Idemitsu catalyst was not designed for coal liquefaction applications, it may well be that the pore structure is not optimum for this application.…”

Section: Run Ikcoizmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research is devoted to the development of heterogeneous catalysts specifically for application to coal liquefaction. The number of such studies have been few, though particular note should be made of the very fine work at the Amoco Oil Company (8,9) in the mid-and late seventies. These researchers found, pore structure to be the single most important factor in designing a coal liquefaction catalyst.…”

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Novel supports for coal liquefaction catalysts

Haynes¹

1992

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This research is divided into three parts: 1. Evaluation of Alkaline-Earth-Promoted CoMo/Alumina Catalysts in a Bench Scale Hydrotreater, 2. Development of a Novel Catalytic Coal Liquefaction Microreactor (CCLM) Unit, and 3. Evaluation of Novel Catalyst Preparations for Direct Coal Liquefaction. The bench scale hydrotreating results demonstrated that hydrogenation activity could be maintained and at the same time coke formation could be reduced by adding calcium and magnesium to an otherwise finished CoMo/Alumina hydrotreating catalyst. Calcium was more effective, lt was also shown by the temperature programmed desorption of tbutylamine that calcium and barium were effective in eliminating acid sites. Magnesium and beryllium were less effective. Thus, coking of the catalysts seemed to correlate with catalyst acidity while hydrogenation was unaffected. Hydrodenitrogenation was, however, affected adversely by the incorporation of alkaline earth metals into the composition. ' The design and construction of the CCLM unit proceeded through three stages: 1. cold model studies, 2. hydrotreating studies, and finally 3. coal liquefaction studies. This unit employs a novel ebullated bed microreactor which charges only five grams of catalyst. An optimum impeller design was identified during the cold model work, and correlations Run ZTJ02 .

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