Catalyst and process scale-up for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Bhatt, B. L.; Frame, R.R.; Hoek, A. van den; Kinnari, Keijo J.; Rao, V. U. S.; Tungate, F. L.

doi:10.1007/bf01491970

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The different aspects of the various types of reactors have been described in detail [1,[3][4][5], so that the FTS has been studied or commercially operated in fixed, slurry and fluidized-bed reactors [1]. The FTS processes in both the slurry and gas phases have advantages and disadvantages that have been discussed previously by many researchers [1,5,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis Over Co‐Ru/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalyst in Supercritical Media

Irankhah

Haghtalab

2008

Chem Eng & Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) in gaseous and supercritical phases was examined in a continuous, high-pressure fixed-bed reactor by employing a cobalt catalyst (Co-Ru/c-Al 2 O 3 ). The kinetic modeling of the FTS was investigated in the reactor over a 60-80 mesh cobalt catalyst. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic equation was used for both the Fisher-Tropsch (FT) and water gas shift (WGS) reactions. The kinetic model was applied for simulation of the reactor with 16-20 mesh cobalt catalyst. The simulation results showed a good agreement with the experimental data. The experimental data showed that higher CO conversion and lower CH 4 and CO 2 selectivities were achieved in supercritical media compared to the gaseous phase. The BET surface area and pore volume enhancement results provided evidence of the higher in situ extraction and greater solubility of heavy hydrocarbons in supercritical media than in gaseous phases. Furthermore, the effects of supercritical solvent such as n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane and their mixtures were studied. Moreover, the influence of reaction temperature, H 2 /CO ratio, W/F (CO+H2) and pressure tuning in the supercritical media FT synthesis were investigated, as well as the effect of the supercritical fluid on the heat transfer within the reactor. The product carbon distribution had a similar shape for all types of solvents and shifted to lighter molar mass compounds with increasing temperature, H 2 /CO ratio, and W/F (CO+H2) . Finally, the product distribution shifted to higher molar mass hydrocarbons with increasing pressure. As a result, one may conclude that a mixture of hydrocarbon products of the FTS can be used as a solvent for supercritical media in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis Over Co‐Ru/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalyst in Supercritical Media

Irankhah

Haghtalab

2008

Chem Eng & Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite these drawbacks, gas-phase reactors have been used on a commercial scale, mainly due to their ability to produce heavy molecular weight waxes which are then hydrocracked to diesel fuels (Dry, 1981;Adesina, 1996). Liquidphase reactions have superior heat removal capabilities when compared to gas-phase reactions and are, therefore, able to maintain a constant reaction temperature without deactivation (Kolbel and Ralek, 1980;Bhatt et al, 1995). Additionally, the high molecular weight products are much more soluble in a liquid-phase reaction medium relative to a gas-phase reaction medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fischer‐tropsch synthesis in near‐critical n‐hexane: Pressure‐tuning effects

Bochniak

Subramaniam

1998

AIChE Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For Fe-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis with near-critical n-hexane (P, = 29.7 bar; T, = 233.7"C) as the reaction medium, isothermal pressure tuning from 1.2 -2.4 P, ($or n-hexane) at the reaction temperature (240°C) significantly changes syngas conversion and product selectivity. For fuced feed rates of syngas ( H 2 / C 0 = 0.5; 50 std. cm3/g catalyst) and n-hexane (1 mL/min), syngas conversion attains a steady state at all pressures, increasing roughly threefold in this pressure range. Effective rate constants, estimated assuming a first-order dependence of syngas conuersion on hydrogen, reveal that the catalyst effectiveness increases with pressure implying the alleviation of pore-difSsion limitations. Pore accessibilities increase at higher pressures because the extraction of heavier hydrocarbons from the catalyst pores is enhanced by the liquid-like densities, yet better-than-liquid transport properties, of n-hexane. This explanation is consistent with the single a ( = 0.78) Anderson-Schulz-Flory product distribution, the constant chain termination probability, and the higher primary product (1 -olefin) selectivities ( N 80%) observed at the higher pressures. Our results indicate that the pressure tunability of the density and transport properties of near-critical reaction media offers a powe&l tool to optimize catalyst activity and product selectivity during FT reactions on supported catalysts.

show abstract

“…The principal objective of these runs was to conduct Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a large diameter bubble column and demonstrate: (1) Sustainable high productivity -a space time yield of 150 grams hydrocarbon per hour per liter of reactor volume; (2) Activity and selectivity of SSFI's proprietary catalyst; (3) Catalyst-wax separation by external cross-flow filtration; and (4) In-situ reduction of catalyst pre-cursor.…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier work at LaPorte in 1992 and 1994, had established proof-of-concept status for the slurry phase process. The first campaign in 1992 was a 19-day demonstration of the technology at 1 T/D product scale and addressed scale-up issues such as catalyst activation, catalyst performance and hydrodynamics (1). The scale-up of the technologies involves demonstration in a 22.5" (ID) diameter slurry bubble column reactor based on laboratory bench scale investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LIQUID PHASE FISCHER-TROPSCH (III & IV) DEMONSTRATION IN THE LAPORTE ALTERNATIVE FUELS DEVELOPMENT UNIT. Final Topical Report. Volume I/II: Main Report. Task 1: Engineering Modifications (Fischer-Tropsch III & IV Demonstration) and Task 2: AFDU Shakedown, Operations, Deactivation (Shut-Down) and Disposal (Fischer-Tropsch III & IV Demonstration).

Bhatt¹

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Catalyst and process scale-up for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis Over Co‐Ru/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalyst in Supercritical Media

Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis Over Co‐Ru/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalyst in Supercritical Media

Fischer‐tropsch synthesis in near‐critical n‐hexane: Pressure‐tuning effects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Catalyst and process scale-up for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis Over Co‐Ru/γ‐Al2O3 Catalyst in Supercritical Media

Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis Over Co‐Ru/γ‐Al2O3 Catalyst in Supercritical Media

Fischer‐tropsch synthesis in near‐critical n‐hexane: Pressure‐tuning effects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis Over Co‐Ru/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalyst in Supercritical Media

Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis Over Co‐Ru/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalyst in Supercritical Media