Catalysis of Organic Processes by Metal Phenolates

Abstract

Transition metal catalysts with phenolates as ligands constitute an extensive class of complexes with application in a great variety of catalytic transformations.Because phenol groups can be sterically and electronically modified by the introduction of substituents with different characteristics, the door is opened to a myriad of catalysts with characteristics of reactivity and selectivity for promoting innumerous transformations of synthetic interest in organic chemistry. Metal phenolates have therefore become essential participants in catalytic organic synthesis, including catalytic asymmetric synthesis. Oxidations of alkenes, sulfides, alcohols and alkanes, additions of trimethylsilylcyanide, diorganozincs and nitroalkanes to CO and CN bonds and Diels–Alder reactions are some examples of the types of reactions that are promoted by these catalysts. This chapter provides an overview of recent advances in the catalysis of organic processes by metal phenolates, with emphasis on the last decade.