Catalysis by Supported Metal Oxides

Weckhuysen, Bert M.; Israel, E.W.

doi:10.1016/b978-012513910-6/50018-9

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 279 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…As already mentioned above, the supported vanadium oxide species formed on various supports all essentially possess the same molecular structures [9,183,188]. At low surface vanadium oxide loading the supported vanadium oxides are isolated VO 4 units, containing one terminal mono-oxo V=O bond and three bridging vanadium-oxygen-support bond with symmetry C 3v .…”

Section: Catalyst Calcinationmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…During the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde, the supported vanadium oxides become partially reduced by the reaction environment [183,188]. The extent of reduction during methanol oxidation is rather limited and almost independent of the surface vanadium oxide loading, the specific support and the reaction temperature.…”

Section: Catalytic Operationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A possible reaction mechanism is given in Fig. 10, showing the presence of a spectroscopically observed reaction intermediate, namely V-O-CH 3 species [183]. It shows a four-step process, in which first the methanol is chemisorbed onto the surface vanadium oxide species with the formation of a methoxy group.…”

Section: Catalytic Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal of this section is to illustrate that spectroscopic techniques are very powerful to elucidate the surface chemistry of supported vanadium oxides during each stage of the life-span of a heterogeneous Table 5 Surface vanadium oxide species, as detected by Raman spectroscopy, on different hydrated amorphous inorganic oxides [183] Support oxide IEP Surface area (m 2 /g) V oxide at low V loading V oxide at high V loading catalyst starting from its genesis up to the deactivation of the catalyst material [65,183]. This will be done by presenting several examples on catalyst synthesis, calcination, activation, operation and deactivation, mainly from our own or collaborative work.…”

Section: Chemistry Of Surface Vanadium Oxides During the Different Stmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemistry, Spectroscopy and the Role of Supported Vanadium Oxides in Heterogeneous Catalysis

Weckhuysen

Keller

2003

ChemInform

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Supported vanadium oxide catalysts are active in a wide range of applications. In this review, an overview is given of the current knowledge available about vanadium oxide-based catalysts. The review starts with the importance of vanadium in heterogeneous catalysis, a discussion of the molecular structure of vanadium in water and in the solid state and an overview of the spectroscopic techniques enabling to study the chemistry of supported vanadium oxides. In the second part, it will be shown that advanced spectroscopic tools can be used to obtain detailed information about the coordination environment and oxidation state of vanadium oxides during each stage of the life-span of a heterogeneous catalyst. Three topics will be discussed: (1) the molecular structure of supported vanadium oxide catalysts under hydrated, dehydrated and reduced conditions, including the parameters, which influence the molecular structures formed at the surface of the support oxide; (2) elucidation of the active surface vanadium oxide during the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde, the reaction mechanism and the vanadium oxide-support effect; and (3) deactivation of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts by migration of vanadium oxides and the development of a method preventing the structural breakdown of zeolites by trapping the mobile vanadium oxides in an aluminum oxide coating.

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Section: Catalyst Calcinationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Catalytic Operationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Catalytic Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemistry Of Surface Vanadium Oxides During the Different Stmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Chemistry, Spectroscopy and the Role of Supported Vanadium Oxides in Heterogeneous Catalysis

Weckhuysen

Keller

2003

ChemInform

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“…Figure 3 gives an overview of most of the catalytic materials presently available. Three types of catalytic materials can be distinguished: biocatalysts, homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysis [6]. The former group includes e.g.…”

Section: Impact Of Catalysis In Societymentioning

confidence: 99%