“…When the lichen flora of Caye Caulker is compared to other available lists, there are no species in common with Hedrick's (1939) list for Belize. However, Caye Caulker has three species in common with Imshaug's (1956) Central American list, one species in common with Dix's (1957) Jamaican list, seven species in common with Imshaug's (1957) West Indian list, and six species in common with Pluntke's (1984) Cuban list. (Pyxine cocoes is on all four lists with My cornier othelia thelena and Buellia modesta present on three of the lists).…”
Practically most of the taxonomists working on vascular plants and fungi are using the so-called taxonomic species concept, relying largely on morphological criteria or other observable patterns of discontinuity and assuming that these patterns are reflecting the underlying genetic integrity of species. Such a concept is described in detail here for the genus Usnea. The typological view versus the populational view of species are discussed. The diagnostic value of characters used by previous and recent taxonomists of the genus is analysed. The fact that Usnea has such a bad taxonomic reputation is discussed. The use by J. Motyka, author of the world monograph published in the thirties, of characters that are strongly modified by environmental factors together with a typological view of species are thought to be mainly responsible for this. More than 770 names have been published worldwide so far and it is suggested that around 50% are to be considered as synonyms.
“…When the lichen flora of Caye Caulker is compared to other available lists, there are no species in common with Hedrick's (1939) list for Belize. However, Caye Caulker has three species in common with Imshaug's (1956) Central American list, one species in common with Dix's (1957) Jamaican list, seven species in common with Imshaug's (1957) West Indian list, and six species in common with Pluntke's (1984) Cuban list. (Pyxine cocoes is on all four lists with My cornier othelia thelena and Buellia modesta present on three of the lists).…”
Practically most of the taxonomists working on vascular plants and fungi are using the so-called taxonomic species concept, relying largely on morphological criteria or other observable patterns of discontinuity and assuming that these patterns are reflecting the underlying genetic integrity of species. Such a concept is described in detail here for the genus Usnea. The typological view versus the populational view of species are discussed. The diagnostic value of characters used by previous and recent taxonomists of the genus is analysed. The fact that Usnea has such a bad taxonomic reputation is discussed. The use by J. Motyka, author of the world monograph published in the thirties, of characters that are strongly modified by environmental factors together with a typological view of species are thought to be mainly responsible for this. More than 770 names have been published worldwide so far and it is suggested that around 50% are to be considered as synonyms.
“…The reasons for the absence of Cora in western North America north of Mexico are unknown. For Mexico, until recently only a single species had been reported, under the names C. glabrata, C. pavonia, Dictyonema glabratum and D. pavonium (Imshaug 1956;Ryan et al 1996;García et al 2000;Guzmán 2008;Lücking et al 2009). The first sequence data for a Mexican specimen were published by Lücking et al (2009Lücking et al ( , 2014 as D. glabratum and Dictyonema sp., respectively.…”
In a continued effort to catalog the numerous phylogenetically detected and predicted species of Cora in the Americas, we focus here on the diversity of the genus in Mexico and the phylogenetic relationships of the taxa present in this area. Based on previous results and new collections, 12 taxa are recognized in Mexico, including eight new species and one new subspecies. The 12 taxa form 11 unrelated lineages within the genus, indicating multiple independent colonization from Central and South America. While the new subspecies is nested within a species known from the northern Andes in South America, the other species are all putative endemics for Mexico, resulting in endemism of 92% at species level and 100% at taxon level. Considering the rather narrow area of origin of the sequenced specimens in southeastern Mexico and the previously documented range of Cora including the northwestern part of the country, plus the underlying topography, we predict that the 12 species and subspecies now known represent only about 20% of the total richness of Cora in the country, and that many more endemic lineages are to be found in the western and northwestern parts (Sierra Madre Occidental). The new taxa from Mexico formally introduced in this study are Cora benitoana sp. nov., with a strongly projecting, cyphelloid hymenophore; C. buapana sp. nov., with elongate, finger-like and partly branched appendages on the lower medullary hyphae; C. dewisanti subsp. mexicana subsp. nov., with a marginally protruding hymenophore; C. guzmaniana sp. nov., with a partly setose lobe surface; C. ixtlanensis sp. nov., a phenotypically cryptic species similar but unrelated to C. terrestris; C. lawreyana sp. nov., with globose hyphal appendages; C. marusae sp. nov., a phenotypically cryptic species similar but unrelated to C. comaltepeca; C. totonacorum sp. nov., a phenotypically cryptic species similar but phylogenetically distant to C. davidia; and C. zapotecorum sp. nov., with a very thinly pilose lobe surface.
“…2007). In contrast, S. damicornis has much fewer GBIF entries (508) but exhibits an even wider inferred global distribution pattern (; ); this name is also applied much more frequently to identify green-algal species at a global level, including in the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia (Durand & Pittier 1891; Stizenberger 1895; Hitchcock 1898; Schiffner 1901; Riddle 1912; Merrill 1913; Howe 1914; Plitt 1921; Malme 1934; Welch 1950; Herre 1951; Imshaug 1956; Zahlbruckner 1956; Dix 1957; Thomasson 1959; Choisy 1960; Follmann 1976; Tønsberg 1990; da Silva et al 1990; Wolf 1993; Brodo 1994; Marcano et al 1996; de Oliveira et al 2002; Käffer & Martins 2005; Nayaka & Upreti 2005; Holz 2006; Sipman 2006; Spielmann 2006; Käffer et al 2007, 2009; Cerón & Quintero 2009; Gumboski & Eliasaro 2011; Joshi et al 2011; Martins et al 2011; Rincón-Espitia et al 2011; Benítez et al 2012; Bungartz et al 2013; Mishra & Upreti 2014; Aptroot 2016; Nelson & Sandoval 2018). At times, the concepts of the two species became rather diffuse; thus, both Flörke (1809) and Acharius (1814) considered S. canariensis an infraspecific entity of S. damicornis .Fig.…”
Short Communication The identity of Sticta damicornis (Ascomycota: Lobariaceae): a presumably widespread taxon is a Caribbean endemic Sticta damicornis (Sw.) Ach., described as Lichen damicornis Sw. (original orthographic variant 'damaecornis' corrected acc. to ICN Art. 60.8, Ex. 20), is one of the most frequently used names for green-algal Sticta species; to a lesser extent, this also applies to the name S. canariensis (Ach.) Bory. Based on published records and occurrence data in public repositories (Fig. 1), both taxa are presumably subcosmopolitan. Sticta canariensis has 2144 occurrence records in GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/8491362), most in the Americas and Western Europe but also in southern Africa and the Mascarenes. Notably, most published records refer to Western Europe (including Macaronesia)
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