Catalase increases ethanol oxidation through the purine catabolism in rat liver

Best Practices and Progress in Precision-Cut Liver Slice Cultures

“…Recommended Read-Outs Toxicology Hepatocyte viability by LDH leakage or ATP assay [86] Hepatocyte viability by functionality through Albumin ELISA [73] Fibrosis LDH leakage or ATP assay (hepatocyte viability) [71] mRNA levels of fibrosis markers by qRT-PCR [24] Protein levels of fibrosis markers (WB, staining or ELISA) [24] Sirius Red staining for cross-linked collagen [24] Fatty liver disease LDH leakage or ATP assay [58] Lipid Staining (e.g., ORO) [58] Triglyceride analysis/quantification [58] qRT-PCR for fibrosis mRNA markers [87] Alcoholic liver disease LDH leakage or ATP assay [42] Medium analysis for metabolites [42,88] qRT-PCR for fibrosis mRNA markers [42,85] Electron microscopy [65] * Inflammation/Immunity ELISA on medium for inflammatory markers [48,72] qRT-PCR for inflammatory mRNA markers [89] Cholestasis LDH leakage or ATP assay [90,91] qRT-PCR for cholestatic mRNA markers [91] Bile acid determination [91] Cancer LDH leakage or ATP assay [21] qRT-PCR for cancer-related mRNA markers [21] H&E staining (tumor morphology) [54] Staining for Ki67 (proliferation) [54] Bioreactor technologies-Research has already confirmed that a continuous flow (perfusion) and exchange in culture medium improves the lifespan of PCLS culture compared to static or dynamic cultures [18]. However, less than a handful of research papers further focus on the optimization of this bioreactor technology.…”

Alcohol and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Adding Fuel to the Flame

“…The enzyme catalase is an anti-oxidant enzyme typically acting as a peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) scavenger that also takes part in ethanol catabolism by catalyzing the oxidation of alcohol to acetaldehyde in the peroxisomal compartment of hepatocytes ( Figure 1 ) [ 27 ].…”

Current View on the Mechanisms of Alcohol-Mediated Toxicity

“…This claim is supported by the fact that the brain produces acetaldehyde from ethanol even under conditions with pyrazole-inhibited alcohol dehydrogenase [58]. Under conditions with high activity of aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase, which are important producers of hydrogen peroxide, the oxidation of ethanol by the action of catalase in the liver also increases [59,60]. Important by-products of this reaction are reactive oxygen species [54], which, together with disruption of the glutathione regeneration due to the consumption of NADPH + H + , contribute to oxidative stress, thus leading to tissue damage.…”

“…This claim is supported by the fact that the brain produces acetaldehyde from ethanol even under conditions with pyrazole-inhibited alcohol dehydrogenase [ 58 ]. Under conditions with high activity of aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase, which are important producers of hydrogen peroxide, the oxidation of ethanol by the action of catalase in the liver also increases [ 59 , 60 ].…”