Catalase characterization and implication in bleaching of a symbiotic sea anemone

Merle, Pierre-Laurent; Sabourault, Cécile; Richier, Sophie; Allemand, Denis; Furla, Paola

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.10.038

Cited by 86 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…ROS causes major cellular damage including oxidizing membranes, denaturing proteins and damaging nucleic acids (Lesser, 2006). Both partners of the symbiosis have considerable adaptations for managing ROS to prevent cellular damage (Lesser, 2006;Merle et al, 2007;Richier et al, 2005). For example, both partners express, in high quantities, an unusually broad array of ROS handling enzymes including catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and multiple isoforms of superoxide dismutase.…”

Section: The Cellular Basis Of Cnidarian-dinoflagellate Symbiosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular mechanisms of Cnidarian bleaching: stress causes the collapse of symbiosis

Weis

2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

767

980

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SummaryCnidarian bleaching is a breakdown in the mutualistic symbiosis between host Cnidarians, such as reef building corals, and their unicellular photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts. Bleaching is caused by a variety of environmental stressors, most notably elevated temperatures associated with global climate change in conjunction with high solar radiation, and it is a major contributor to coral death and reef degradation. This review examines the underlying cellular events that lead to symbiosis dysfunction and cause bleaching, emphasizing that, to date, we have only some pieces of a complex cellular jigsaw puzzle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by damage to both photosynthetic and mitochondrial membranes, is shown to play a central role in both injury to the partners and to inter-partner communication of a stress response. Evidence is presented that suggests that bleaching is a host innate immune response to a compromised symbiont, much like innate immune responses in other host-microbe interactions. Finally, the elimination or exit of the symbiont from host tissues is described through a variety of mechanisms including exocytosis, host cell detachment and host cell apoptosis.

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Section: The Cellular Basis Of Cnidarian-dinoflagellate Symbiosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The host does mount an antioxidant response (e.g. Merle et al, 2007;Richier et al, 2006) but the response is insufficient to handle the high concentrations of ROS produced and the result is damage to host DNA (Lesser and Farrell, 2004), proteins and membranes (Richier et al, 2005).…”

Section: Ros Concentration and Production In Host Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular mechanisms of Cnidarian bleaching: stress causes the collapse of symbiosis

Weis

2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

767

980

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“…Several SODs have been identified in the symbiotic sea anemone Anemonia viridis based on their enzymatic activity, specific enzyme inhibition and reactivity against an antibody targeted to human SODs (Richier et al, 2003). In A. viridis, host protein expression and catalase activity primarily occur in ectodermal tissues (Merle et al, 2007). Catalase-like activity has also been identified within microperoxisomes (Hand, 1976) and regenerating foot cells (Hoffmeister and Schaller, 1985) of Hydra spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of the cnidarian oxidative stress response by ultraviolet light, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and crude oil

Tarrant

Reitzel

Kwok

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Organisms are continuously exposed to reactive chemicals capable of causing oxidative stress and cellular damage. Antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutases (SODs) and catalases, are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and provide an important means of neutralizing such oxidants. Studies in cnidarians have previously documented the occurrence of antioxidant enzymes (transcript expression, protein expression and/or enzymatic activity), but most of these studies have not been conducted in species with sequenced genomes or included phylogenetic analyses, making it difficult to compare results across species due to uncertainties in the relationships between genes. Through searches of the genome of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis Stephenson, one catalase gene and six SOD family members were identified, including three copper/zinc-containing SODs (CuZnSODs), two manganesecontaining SODs (MnSODs) and one copper chaperone of SOD (CCS). In 24 h acute toxicity tests, juvenile N. vectensis showed enhanced sensitivity to combinations of ultraviolet radiation (UV) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, specifically pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene and fluoranthene) relative to either stressor alone. Adult N. vectensis exhibited little or no mortality following UV, benzo[a]pyrene or crude oil exposure but exhibited changes in gene expression. Antioxidant enzyme transcripts were both upregulated and downregulated following UV and/or chemical exposure. Expression patterns were most strongly affected by UV exposure but varied between experiments, suggesting that responses vary according to the intensity and duration of exposure. These experiments provide a basis for comparison with other cnidarian taxa and for further studies of the oxidative stress response in N. vectensis.

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“…Similarly, algal SOD and ascorbate peroxidase activities were found increased at higher temperature and/ or UV radiation (Lesser, 1996). Recent advances in the study of antioxidant enzymes from symbiotic cnidarians include the characterization of SOD and catalase isoforms in the symbiotic sea anemone Anemonia viridis (Richier et al, 2003;Merle et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperthermic stress-induced increase in the expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase and glutathione levels in the symbiotic sea anemone Aiptasia pallida

Sunagawa

Choi

Forman

et al. 2008

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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Hyperthermic stress is known to trigger the loss of unicellular algae from a number of symbiotic cnidarians, a phenomenon commonly referred to as bleaching. Oxidative and nitrosative stress have been suggested to play a major role during the process of bleaching, however the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. In animals, the intracellular tripeptide glutathione (GSH) is involved in antioxidant defense, redox homeostasis and intracellular redox signaling. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that hyperthermal stress-induced bleaching in Aiptasia pallida, a model for symbiotic cnidarians, results in increased levels of GSH synthesis. We report the cDNA sequence and functional analysis of the catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLC), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in GSH biosynthesis. In a time-series experiment, both GCLC gene expression and total GSH levels increased 4-and 1.5-fold, respectively, in response to hyperthermal stress. These results suggest that hyperthermal stress triggers adaptive increases in intracellular GSH biosynthesis in cnidarians as a protective response to oxidative/ nitrosative stress. Our results show the conserved function of GCLC and GSH across animals while placing a new perspective on the role of GSH in redox signaling during cnidarian bleaching.

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Catalase characterization and implication in bleaching of a symbiotic sea anemone

Cited by 86 publications

References 35 publications

Cellular mechanisms of Cnidarian bleaching: stress causes the collapse of symbiosis

Cellular mechanisms of Cnidarian bleaching: stress causes the collapse of symbiosis

Activation of the cnidarian oxidative stress response by ultraviolet light, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and crude oil

Hyperthermic stress-induced increase in the expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase and glutathione levels in the symbiotic sea anemone Aiptasia pallida

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