Catalase activity is stimulated by H2O2 in rich culture medium and is required for H2O2 resistance and adaptation in yeast

Abstract

Catalases are efficient scavengers of H2O2 and protect cells against H2O2 stress. Examination of the H2O2 stimulon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that the cytosolic catalase T (Ctt1) protein level increases 15-fold on H2O2 challenge in synthetic complete media although previous work revealed that deletion of the CCT1 or CTA1 genes (encoding peroxisomal/mitochondrial catalase A) does not increase the H2O2 sensitivity of yeast challenged in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). This we attributed to our observation that catalase activity is depressed when yeast are challenged with H2O2 in nutrient-poor media. Hence, we performed a systematic comparison of catalase activity and cell viability of wild-type yeast and of the single catalase knockouts, ctt1∆ and cta1∆, following H2O2 challenge in nutrient-rich medium (YPD) and in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Ctt1 but not Cta1 activity is strongly induced by H2O2 when cells are challenged in YPD but suppressed when cells are challenged in buffer. Consistent with the activity results, exponentially growing ctt1∆ cells in YPD are more sensitive to H2O2 than wild-type or cta1∆ cells, whereas in buffer all three strains exhibit comparable H2O2 hypersensitivity. Furthermore, catalase activity is increased during adaptation to sublethal H2O2 concentrations in YPD but not in buffer. We conclude that induction of cytosolic Ctt1 activity is vital in protecting yeast against exogenous H2O2 but this activity is inhibited by H2O2 when cells are challenged in nutrient-free media.

Impairment of mitochondrial unfolded protein response contribute to resistance declination of H2O2‐induced injury in senescent MRC‐5 cell model

“…Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), a reactive oxygen species, is widely produced in many biological systems and mediates various cellular responses . It has been reported that major indexes of oxidative damage (such as ROS, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were affected after H 2 O 2 treatment in cells . A similar finding was obtained in our experiments on the effect of H 2 O 2 on catalase activity (data not shown).…”

Respiration triggers heme transfer from cytochrome c peroxidase to catalase in yeast mitochondria

“…We found ccp1Δ cells to be considerably more H 2 O 2 sensitive than wild-type or ccp1 W191F cells because of their inability to up-regulate catalase and peroxiredoxin activities on H 2 O 2 challenge (10). Ccp1 is not present in the deletion mutant to transmit a stress signal to Skn7, which regulates the expression of many antioxidant enzymes, including cytosolic Ctt1 (46,47). Hence, reverse translocation of apoCcp1 to the nucleus provides a retrograde message (20) vital in the cell's response to exogenous H 2 O 2 , a process that merits further investigation.…”

Plant Aquaporin AtPIP1;4 Links Apoplastic H2O2 Induction to Disease Immunity Pathways

“…This finding excluded the possibility of intracellular H 2 O 2 production induced by applied H 2 O 2 . In fact, the priority for living cells under oxidative stress is to scavenge rather than to produce ROS or H 2 O 2 (Martins and English, 2014). Therefore, the increase in intracellular H 2 O 2 levels is attributed to translocation of the extracellular supply because of de novo expression of AtPIP1;4.…”