Catabolism of dimethylsulphoniopropionate: microorganisms, enzymes and genes

Curson, Andrew R. J.; Todd, Jonathan D.; Sullivan, Matthew J.; Johnston, Andrew

doi:10.1038/nrmicro2653

Cited by 299 publications

(436 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…1A, Table 1). DMSP lyase enzymes are distributed among multiple protein 1 families, but all lead to the production of DMS and either acrylate (DddL,P,Q,W,Y) or 3-2 hydroxypropionate (3-HP; DddD) 9 . The HTCC1062 genome encodes annotated genes for all 3 steps in the degradation of acrylate to propionyl-CoA or acetyl-CoA (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol

et al. 2016

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Marine phytoplankton produce ~109 tons of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) per year1,2, an estimated 10% of which is catabolized by bacteria through the DMSP cleavage pathway to the climatically active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS)3,4. SAR11 Alphaproteobacteria (order Pelagibacterales), the most abundant chemoorganotrophic bacteria in the oceans, have been shown to assimilate DMSP into biomass, thereby supplying this cell’s unusual requirement for reduced sulfur5,6. Here we report that Pelagibacter HTCC1062 produces the gas methanethiol (MeSH) and that simultaneously a second DMSP catabolic pathway, mediated by a cupin-like DMSP lyase, DddK, shunts as much as 59% of DMSP uptake to DMS production. We propose a model in which the allocation of DMSP between these pathways is kinetically controlled to release increasing amounts of DMS as the supply of DMSP exceeds cellular sulfur demands for biosynthesis

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The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol

et al. 2016

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“…GP and microbial community structure-The subset of samples exhibiting high NP and GP rates (SP1-2 and SU1) shared a number of characteristics, in some cases significantly different from the remaining samples (two-group Kruskal-Wallis test; n 5 8; df 5 1): elevated DMSPt concentrations (p , 0.05); high proportions of DMSP producers (p , 0.05), as deduced from the sum of coccolithophores, dinoflagellates, and non-prasinophyte nanoflagellates (most of which were probably prymnesiophytes; Gutiérrez-Rodríguez et al 2011); and high proportions of bacterial clades putatively harboring DMSP cleavers (Curson et al 2011), such as Gammaproteobacteria (specifically its subclade NOR5, p , 0.05), or Roseobacter (highest in SP1-3 but not in SU1). The Bacteroidetes clade was also more abundant in the SP1-2 and SU1 samples (p , 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral irradiance dependence of sunlight effects on plankton dimethylsulfide production

Galí¹,

Ruiz‐González²,

Lefort³

et al. 2013

Limnology & Oceanography

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We investigated the short-term effects of variable solar irradiance and spectrum on the gross biological production of dimethylsulfide (DMS), a trace gas with potential climatic effects, in eight experiments performed at different times of the year in a northwest Mediterranean coastal site. Experimentally determined net community DMS production, DMS photolysis, and dark microbial DMS consumption rates were used to calculate gross community DMS production by budgeting. In addition, the composition of the bacterioplankton and phytoplankton communities in the initial samples, and the photoinhibition of bulk bacterial heterotrophic activity and phytoplankton photosynthetic efficiency were monitored. Our results show that: (1) gross DMS production is irradiance dependent, with a maximum short-term stimulation factor of 2-to 6-fold compared to dark incubations; (2) its spectral shape is variable but generally similar to that of phytoplankton photoinhibition or photodamage, with more effective stimulation at shorter ultraviolet wavelengths; and (3) stronger stimulation occurs when samples are overexposed with respect to their prior exposure. Remarkably, the photoresponse of gross DMS production was in most cases strong enough to (at least) compensate the photochemical DMS loss at the water subsurface. Such response would prevent DMS depletion in stratified and highly irradiated waters. Since the initial microbial communities were representative of meso-to oligotrophic conditions, our observations should apply to a wide variety of oceanic regimes.

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“…Actually, to date, nearly all known DMSPcatabolising bacteria belong to the phylum Proteobacteria. [58] Within the Alphaproteobacteria there were, however, striking differences detectable, with dmdA subclades C/2 and D/3 affiliating closely with members of the family Pelagibacteraceae, whereas subclade A/2 was closely related to a diverse assemblage of taxa belonging to the family Rhodobacteraceae. Roseobacters are a group of abundant marine bacteria known to demethylate DMSP, and Pelagibacter belongs to the SAR11 clade, whose members are highly dominant organisms in marine ecosystems, that are also well known to demethylate DMSP [11] and for which the dmdA protein structure is described.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Affiliation Of Bacterial Dmda Gene Assemblages mentioning

confidence: 96%

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in corals and its interrelations with bacterial assemblages in coral surface mucus

Frade¹,

Schwaninger²,

Glasl³

et al. 2016

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. Corals produce copious amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), a sulfur compound implicated in climate regulation. We studied DMSP concentrations inside corals and unveiled the linkage between DMSP availability and the abundance of DMSP-degrading bacterial groups inhabiting the corals' surface. Our findings suggest that DMSP mediates the interplay between corals and microbes, highlighting the importance of sulfur compounds for microbial processes in corals and for the resilience of coral reef ecosystems.Abstract. Corals produce copious amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), a sulfur compound thought to play a role in structuring coral-associated bacterial communities. We tested the hypothesis that a linkage exists between DMSP availability in coral tissues and the community dynamics of bacteria in coral surface mucus. We determined DMSP concentrations in three coral species (Meandrina meandrites, Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea) at two sampling depths (5 and 25 m) and times of day (dawn and noon) at Curaçao, Southern Caribbean. DMSP concentration (4-409 nmol cm À2 coral surface) varied with host species-specific traits such as Symbiodinium cell abundance, but not with depth or time of sampling. Exposure of corals to air caused a doubling of their DMSP concentration. The phylogenetic affiliation of mucus-associated bacteria was examined by clone libraries targeting three main subclades of the bacterial DMSP demethylase gene (dmdA). dmdA gene abundance was determined by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) against a reference housekeeping gene (recA). Overall, a higher availability of DMSP corresponded to a lower relative abundance of the dmdA gene, but this pattern was not uniform across all host species or bacterial dmdA subclades, suggesting the existence of distinct DMSP microbial niches or varying dmdA DMSP affinities. This is the first study quantifying dmdA gene abundance in corals and linking related changes in the community dynamics of DMSP-degrading bacteria to DMSP availability. Our study suggests that DMSP mediates the regulation of microbes by the coral host and highlights the significance of sulfur compounds for microbial processes in coral reefs.

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Catabolism of dimethylsulphoniopropionate: microorganisms, enzymes and genes

Cited by 299 publications

References 73 publications

The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol

The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol

Spectral irradiance dependence of sunlight effects on plankton dimethylsulfide production

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in corals and its interrelations with bacterial assemblages in coral surface mucus

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