Cat-eye effect reflected beam profiles of an optical system with sensor array

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an applicable propagation model for Gaussian beams passing through any cat-eye target instead of traditional simplification consisting of only a mirror placed at the focal plane of a lens. According to the model, the cat-eye effect of CCD cameras affected by defocus is numerically simulated. An excellent agreement of experiment results with theoretical analysis is obtained. It is found that the reflectivity distribution at the focal plane of the cat-eye optical lens has great influence on the results, while the cat-eye effect reflected beam profiles of CCD cameras show obvious periodicity.

Analysis of Mini-Camera's Cat-Eye Retro-Reflection for Characterization of Diffraction Rings and Arrayed Spots

“…4, the image sensor is aligned under the photosensitive surface. Arrayed pixel units are placed in front of the image sensor, and each unit is composed of an on-chip microlens (OCM), a color filter, and a photodiode [1]. The distribution function A(x 1 , y 1 ) represents the periodically arranged pixel units, and R A (x 1 , y 1 ) can be expressed as…”

“…The chatoyancy or the cat-eye effect is such that a laser beam that irradiates a reticle fixed on the focal plane of a lens can be reflected back to the beam source. The energy of the reflected beam is 2-4 orders of magnitude higher than that of the diffuse reflection [1]. Mini-cameras, a new type of cat-eye devices, have come to be widely used, usually in a clandestine manner, for video recording and image capture.…”

“…Zhao and Sun [4] simulated diffracted beam profiles at different distances and incident angles. Gong et al studied the diffraction of an optical system with an array of sensors in the paraxial condition [1] and analyzed the periodicity of the detection distance in the beam propagation [5]. Their works have successfully described the special profiles in cat-eye reflection images to some extent.…”

A Retroreflection Reduction Technique Based on the Wavefront Coded Imaging System

“…A considerable part of the reflected laser will return according to the original incident light path, as shown in Figure 1a. The phenomenon that the retroreflective laser intensity is stronger than the background diffused light is called the cat-eye effect of photoelectric imaging equipment [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. As a result, the photoelectric imaging equipment is very easy to be found and located by the laser active detection system, so it can be dazzled or blinded by laser [8,9].…”

Design of an Active Laser Mini-Camera Detection System Using CNN

“…Recent studies have investigated the chatoyancy effect for mini-camera devices. Long et al [5] analyzed the diffraction phenomenon of the retro-reflection, whereas Change et al [6] and Gong et al [7] described the arrayed spots in reflected image profiles. Liu et al [8] performed systematic analysis of mini-camera reflection, proposed an optical model, and implemented a reflection simulation.…”