Chlorogenic acids (CGAs) have gained
considerable attention as
pervasive human dietary constituents with potential cardiovascular-preserving
effects. The main sources include coffee, yerba mate, Eucommia ulmodies leaves, and Lonicerae Japonicae
Flos. CGA consumption can reduce the risks of hypertension, atherosclerosis,
heart failure, myocardial infarction, and other factors associated
with cardiovascular risk, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. This
review recapitulates recent advances of CGAs in the cardiovascular-preserving
effects, pharmacokinetics, sources, and safety. Emerging evidence
indicates that CGAs exhibit circulatory guarding properties through
the suppression of oxidative stress, leukocyte infiltration, platelet
aggregation, platelet–leukocyte interactions, vascular remodeling,
and apoptosis as well as the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism
and vasodilatory action in the cardiovascular system. CGAs exert these
effects by acting on complex signaling networks, but the global mechanisms
are still not clear. The oral bioavailability of CGA is poor, and
there is a potential sensitization concern about CGA. The bioactive
metabolites, systematic toxicity, and optimized structure are needed
for further identification.