Caste, inequality, and poverty in India: a re-assessment

Borooah, Vani K.; Diwakar, D. M.; Mishra, Vinod; Naik, Ajaya K; Sabharwal, Nidhi S.

doi:10.1080/21665095.2014.967877

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Today, members of the SCs have adopted the term "dalit" (meaning the oppressed). SCs are significantly poorer than the rest of the population (Borooah, Diwakar, Mishra, Naik, & Sabharwal, 2014;Deshpande, 2000) and still suffer from caste based-discrimination. Despite the constitutional ban, in 2012, 30% of the rural respondents to the Indian Human Development Survey straightforwardly reported that they practiced untouchability.…”

Section: Castesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Don’t Touch My Road. Evidence from India on Affirmative Action And Everyday Discrimination

Girard

2018

World Development

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Section: Castesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Don’t Touch My Road. Evidence from India on Affirmative Action And Everyday Discrimination

Girard

2018

World Development

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“…SCs and STs, was negatively correlated with delivery in private hospitals. In India, it is a well-known fact that OBCs, SCs and STs are the socially and economically disadvantaged groups [55,56] and because of this, their accessibility to expensive private hospitals is lower for receiving ANC services and delivering babies, which might also be the cause of a lower rate of CS deliveries among them. Urban residence was positively correlated to deliveries in private hospitals and to CS deliveries.…”

Section: Socio-economic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does delivery in private hospitals contribute largely to Caesarean Section births? A path analysis using generalised structural equation modelling

2020

PLoS ONE

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Background The rate of Caesarean Section (CS) deliveries has shown an alarming rise in recent years. CS is a surgical procedure used when there is apprehension of risk to the life of mother or baby in case of vaginal delivery, but its rates higher than 10-15 per cent are not justifiable. It is well recognised that a CS delivery could have a large number of adverse impacts on women and infants. Several studies, especially in developing countries, have revealed that delivery in private hospitals is one of the most contributing factors in CS deliveries. The present study conceptualises a causal pathway in which the possible risk factors, socioeconomic , maternal and pregnancy-related, as well as institutional, influence the chances of CS delivery. It is hypothesised that certain factors would contribute to CS deliveries largely indirectly through the place of delivery, that is, either a public or private institution. Methods and findings To test the hypotheses, this study analysed 146,280 most recent live births delivered in hospitals during the five years preceding the fourth round of India's National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), carried out during 2015-2016. The analysis, using generalised structural equation modelling (GSEM), revealed that many exogenous variables considered in the path models influence CS deliveries significantly, directly and/or indirectly through the place of delivery factor. Prominent among these are wealth index and receiving ANC services at only private hospitals; the total effects of these variables are even higher than the direct/total effect of place of delivery. Conclusion From this finding, it could be said that the place of delivery is a proximate determinant of a CS delivery or a mediator of other co-factors. Interventions to curb higher CS deliveries

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“…If people from lower castes are considered "dirty" by those of higher castes, that is because of the intersection between caste and class. By virtue of being the lowest in the caste hierarchy, they are, more often than not, the poorest, as the literature has acknowledged in multiple ways, including empirically (Apte 1988;Borooah et al 2014;Mukherjee 1999). It is because these people are poor that they engage in occupations that are "dirtying", in activities in which members of higher castes or classes will not participate.…”

Section: Mud and Castementioning

confidence: 99%

The muddy semiotics of mud

Cortesi

2018

Journal of Political Ecology

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In North Bihar, mud ensures prosperity for farmers, but also materially signals the lower status from which their wives try to raise the family, even at the cost of risking their own and their children's lives. This article provides a semiotic analysis of mud, an ambiguous material in its physical combination of land and water, a substance with specific gendered and class dimensions, and a symbolic marker whose presence on bodies indexes their socio-political identity. The sensuous relationships that revolve around mud and the prejudices it indexes illuminate meanings of dirt within processes of environmental knowledge and risk. By attending to the semiotic processes through which we understand nature, this article suggests that mud naturalizes the discrimination at the origin of dirtiness.Historical and political circumstances, such as the progressive loosening of the links between caste and occupation, show that mud is not dirt, but it becomes dirt when other kinds of dirt lose their meaning.

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Caste, inequality, and poverty in India: a re-assessment

Cited by 54 publications

References 11 publications

Don’t Touch My Road. Evidence from India on Affirmative Action And Everyday Discrimination

Don’t Touch My Road. Evidence from India on Affirmative Action And Everyday Discrimination

Does delivery in private hospitals contribute largely to Caesarean Section births? A path analysis using generalised structural equation modelling

The muddy semiotics of mud

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