Caste/ethnic differences in school dropout among 5-20-year olds in Nepal

Devkota, Satis; Eklund, Jesse; Waglé, Udaya R.

doi:10.1080/00131911.2020.1793734

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The mean difference of the GPA is 0.179. This analysis confirms the results of past studies (Devkota et al, 2020;ERO, 2013ERO, , 2015ERO, , 2016ERO, , 2019Acharya et al, 2011;Mathema & Bista, 2006). In the next section, we present the results of the qualitative study to help understand the context behind such gaps.…”

Section: Findings and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In Nepal's context, too, studies conducted in this area have shown similar findings. Devkota et al (2020) concluded that parental occupations, age, marital status and regions were responsible for the lower level of educational participation and attainment among the indigenous and lower-caste Dalit students. Mathema and Bista (2006) study of the School Leaving Certificate Examination (SLC, after completing the grade X) also found great variation in students' academic performance by their ethnicities; majority of the Janajati students' learning performance was significantly lower than that of the Brahman, Chhetri and Newer students.…”

Section: Students' Learning Performance By Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several previous studies such as Devkota et al (2020), ERO (2013ERO ( , 2015ERO ( , 2016ERO ( , 2019, and Mathema and Bista (2006) have raised pertinent issues regarding differentiated academic status in Nepali schools by caste and ethnicities. They have revealed persisting low academic performances of the students from the Janajati background as compared to the students from the 'dominant' Brahman and Chhetri caste groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Learning Performance of Indigenous Students in Nepali Private Schools: A Mixed-Methods Study

Khadka¹,

Adhikari²,

Dahal³

2022

INT J INSTRUCTION

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One of the primary goals of schools is to improve the students' learning performance. Considering the factors associated to students' indigeneity contributing to their learning performances, this study explored the learning performances of 'indigenous' (Janajati) students in Nepali private secondary schools. Grounded in Bourdieu's (1986) cultural capital theory, the investigation employed a two-staged mixed-methods research process. In the first phase, longitudinal data (grade XII exam results) of 770 students between 2015 and 2019 at a case study school in Kathmandu were obtained and analysed. The quantitative results yielded from the descriptive analyses revealed that Janajati students, namely the Tamang, Magar, Gurung, Rai, and Limbu students included in the study, had a lower academic performance as compared to their non-Janajati counterparts. These results are consonant with overall national patterns in Nepal. In an attempt to explain these differences, a sequential qualitative study was undertaken through indepth interviews with five participants (three students and two teachers affiliated to the case study school from the same indigenous groups). For analytical purposes, factors influencing students' performance were grouped into home-related and school-related themes. The study showed that home-related factors were more prevalent than the school-related factors in the students with lower learning performances. While family economic backgrounds and parental education also had a role to play, cultural factors (such as relative lack of predisposition towards education and aspiration for different occupations) were the most important factors influencing lower learning performance.

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Section: Findings and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Students' Learning Performance By Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Learning Performance of Indigenous Students in Nepali Private Schools: A Mixed-Methods Study

Khadka¹,

Adhikari²,

Dahal³

2022

INT J INSTRUCTION

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“…Like other studies, we also find that disadvantaged castes, especially of the Muslim faith, tend to have lower education ( Stash & Hannum, 2001 ; Sah, 2018 ; Devkota, Eklund & Wagle, 2020 ), but this factor was not associated with early marriage. Caste affiliation may be a maker of overall status in society, and therefore act as another marker of access to resources and life opportunities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Landlessness may increase the risk of food insecurity, which in turn has been associated with both lower schooling and earlier marriage ( Moock & Leslie, 1986 ; UNICEF, 2014 ). Caste affiliation is also linked to socio-economic status, with girls from disadvantaged castes generally completing less education and also marrying <18 years ( Stash & Hannum, 2001 ; Sah, 2018 ; Devkota, Eklund & Wagle, 2020 ). There is much less literature on the role of the natal household’s geographic location in relation to early marriage ( Marphatia et al, 2021c ), but greater distance to school has been found to be a key constraint to accessing education ( Jamison & Lockheed, 1987 ; Ayral, 2014 ; Devkota & Upadhyay, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the association of natal household wealth with women’s early marriage in Nepal

Marphatia

Saville

Manandhar

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Women’s early marriage (<18 years) is a critical global health issue affecting 650 million women worldwide. It is associated with a range of adverse maternal physical and mental health outcomes, including early childbearing, child undernutrition and morbidity. Poverty is widely asserted to be the key risk factor driving early marriage. However, most studies do not measure wealth in the natal household, but instead, use marital household wealth as a proxy for natal wealth. Further research is required to understand the key drivers of early marriage. Methods We investigated whether natal household poverty was associated with marrying early, independently of women’s lower educational attainment and broader markers of household disadvantage. Data on natal household wealth (material asset score) for 2,432 women aged 18–39 years was used from the cluster-randomized Low Birth Weight South Asia Trial in lowland rural Nepal. Different early marriage definitions (<15, <16, <17 and <18 years) were used because most of our population marries below the conventional 18-year cut-off. Logistic mixed-effects models were fitted to estimate the probabilities, derived from adjusted Odds Ratios, of (a) marrying at different early ages for the full sample and for the uneducated women, and (b) being uneducated in the first place. Results Women married at median age 15 years (interquartile range 3), and only 18% married ≥18 years. Two-thirds of the women were entirely uneducated. We found that, rather than poverty, women’s lower education was the primary factor associated with early marriage, regardless of how ‘early’ is defined. Neither poverty nor other markers of household disadvantage were associated with early marriage at any age in the uneducated women. However, poverty was associated with women being uneducated. Conclusion When assets are measured in the natal household in this population, there is no support for the conventional hypothesis that household poverty is associated with daughters’ early marriage, but it is associated with not going to school. We propose that improving access to free education would both reduce early marriage and have broader benefits for maternal and child health and gender equality.

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Ethnicity/caste-based social differentiation and the consumption of clean cooking energy in Nepal: An exploration using panel data

et al. 2022

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Caste/ethnic differences in school dropout among 5-20-year olds in Nepal

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

The Learning Performance of Indigenous Students in Nepali Private Schools: A Mixed-Methods Study

The Learning Performance of Indigenous Students in Nepali Private Schools: A Mixed-Methods Study

Quantifying the association of natal household wealth with women’s early marriage in Nepal

Ethnicity/caste-based social differentiation and the consumption of clean cooking energy in Nepal: An exploration using panel data

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