Castasterone Can be Biosynthesized from 28-homodolichosterone in Arabidopsis thaliana

Kim, Sun‐Young; Moon, Jinyoung; Roh, Jeehee; Kim, Seong Ki

doi:10.1007/s12374-018-0194-4

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For pollen isolation, we collected mature pollen in an RNA stabilization solution (RNAlater Tissue Collection; Invitrogen) from dehiscent anther which just started to open. RNA was extracted with TRIzol buffer as follows [54], and cDNAs were synthesized using SuPrimeScript RT premix from GeNet Bio [55]. For tissue -specific expression by qPCR, we used control primer sets for rice ubiquitin 5 (OsUbi5, LOC_Os01g22490).…”

Section: Plant Growth and Rna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of RopGEF gene family to identify genes contributing to pollen tube growth in rice (Oryza sativa)

et al. 2020

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Background: In plants, the key roles played by RopGEF-mediated ROP signaling in diverse processes, including polar tip growth, have been identified. Despite their important roles in reproduction, a comprehensive analysis of RopGEF members has not yet been performed in rice (Oryza sativa). To determine whether RopGEF regulators are involved in rice pollen tube growth, we performed genome-wide analysis of this family in rice. Results: Phylogenomic and meta-expression analysis of eleven RopGEFs in rice showed that four genes were preferentially expressed in mature pollen. These four genes contain the plant-specific Rop nucleotide exchanger (PRONE) domain and possible phosphorylated residues, suggesting a conserved role in polar tip growth with Arabidopsis thaliana. In subcellular localization analysis of the four RopGEFs through tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) infiltration, four proteins were predominantly identified in plasma membrane. Moreover, double mutants of RopGEF2/8 exhibited reduced pollen germination, causing partial male sterility. These genes possess unique cis-acting elements in their promoters compared with the other RopGEF genes. Conclusions: In this study, four RopGEF genes were identified as pollen-specific gene in eleven members of rice, and the expression pattern, promoter analysis, and evolutionary relationship of the RopGEF family were studied compared with Arabidopsis. Our study indicated that four RopGEF genes might function during pollen germination in distinct subcellular localization. Our study could provide valuable information on the functional study of RopGEF in rice.

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Section: Plant Growth and Rna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of RopGEF gene family to identify genes contributing to pollen tube growth in rice (Oryza sativa)

et al. 2020

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“…It was found that 28-homoTE, 28-homoTY and 28-homoCS can be converted into 26-nor-28-homoTE, 26-nor-28-homoTY, and 26-nor-28-homoCS, respectively. C-26 demethylation might also serve to a deactivation of the C 29 -BRs (Lee et al, 2011;Joo et al, 2015;Roh et al, 2017;Kim et al, 2018).…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of C 29 -Brsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cholesterol (CR) is finally converted to 28-norBL, whereas the biosynthesis of C 29 -BRs is initiated from β-sitosterol and leads to 28-homoBL. However, not all indirect compounds of these two pathways have been identified ( Figure 1 ; Figure S1 ) ( Fujioka et al., 2002 ; Kwon and Choe, 2005 ; Fujita et al., 2006 ; Ohnishi et al., 2006b ; Chung and Choe, 2013 ; Roh et al., 2017 ; Kim et al., 2018 ; Rozhon et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Brs Biosynthetic Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter is transformed to CT by the 22α-hydroxylase. Cathasterone (CT) is converted in the consecutive reactions to teasterone (TE), 3-dehydroteasterone (3-DT), typhasterol (TY), CS, and BL, respectively ( Shimada et al., 2001 ; Fujioka et al., 2002 ; Kwon and Choe, 2005 ; Ohnishi et al., 2006a ; Ohnishi et al., 2006b ; Lee et al., 2010 ; Lee et al., 2011 ; Zhao and Li, 2012 ; Chung and Choe, 2013 ; Joo et al., 2015 ; Kim et al., 2018 ; Ohnishi, 2018 ; Roh et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Brs Biosynthetic Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Overview of the Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis Pathways: Substrates, Products, Inhibitors, and Connections

2020

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Brassinosteroids (BRs) as a class of steroid plant hormones participate in the regulation of numerous developmental processes, including root and shoot growth, vascular differentiation, fertility, flowering, and seed germination, as well as in responding to environmental stresses. During four decades of research, the BR biosynthetic pathways have been well studied with forward-and reverse genetics approaches. The free BRs contain 27, 28, and 29 carbons within their skeletal structure: (1): 5a-cholestane or 26nor-24a-methyl-5a-cholestane for C 27-BRs; (2) 24a-methyl-5a-cholestane, 24b-methyl-5a-cholestane or 24-methylene-5a-cholestane for C 28-BRs; (3) 24a-ethyl-5acholestane, 24(Z)-ethylidene-5a-cholestane, 25-methyl-5a-campestane or 24methylene-25-methyl-5a-cholestane for C 29-BRs, as well as different kinds and orientations of oxygenated functions in A-and Bring. These alkyl substituents are also common structural features of sterols. BRs are derived from sterols carrying the same side chain. The C 27-BRs without substituent at C-24 are biosynthesized from cholesterol. The C 28-BRs carrying either an a-methyl, b-methyl, or methylene group are derived from campesterol, 24-epicampesterol or 24-methylenecholesterol, respectively. The C 29-BRs with an a-ethyl group are produced from sitosterol. Furthermore, the C 29 BRs carrying methylene at C-24 and an additional methyl group at C-25 are derived from 24methylene-25-methylcholesterol. Generally, BRs are biosynthesized via cycloartenol and cycloartanol dependent pathways. Till now, more than 17 compounds were characterized as inhibitors of the BR biosynthesis. For nine of the inhibitors (e.g., brassinazole and YCZ-18) a specific target reaction within the BR biosynthetic pathway has been identified. Therefore, the review highlights comprehensively recent advances in our understanding of the BR biosynthesis, sterol precursors, and dependencies between the C 27-C 28 and C 28-C 29 pathways.

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Section: Plant Growth and Rna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of RopGEF gene family to identify genes contributing to pollen tube growth in rice (Oryza sativa)

Kim

Park

Hong

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background : In plants, the key roles played by RopGEF-mediated ROP signaling in diverse processes, including polar tip growth, have been identified. Despite their important roles in reproduction, a comprehensive analysis of RopGEF members has not yet been performed in rice ( Oryza sativa ). To determine whether RopGEF regulators are involved in rice pollen tube growth, we performed genome-wide analysis of this family in rice. Results : Phylogenomic and meta-expression analysis of eleven RopGEFs in rice showed that four genes were preferentially expressed in mature pollen. These four genes contain the plant-specific Rop nucleotide exchanger (PRONE) domain and possible phosphorylated residues, suggesting a conserved role in polar tip growth with Arabidopsis thaliana . In subcellular localization analysis of the four RopGEFs through tobacco ( Nicotiana benthamiana ) infiltration, four proteins were predominantly identified in plasma membrane. Moreover, double mutants of RopGEF2/8 exhibited reduced pollen germination, causing partial male sterility. These genes possess unique cis-acting elements in their promoters compared with the other RopGEF genes. Conclusions : In this study, four RopGEF genes were identified as pollen-specific gene in eleven members of rice, and the expression pattern, promoter analysis, and evolutionary relationship of the RopGEF family were studied compared with Arabidopsis. Our study indicated that four RopGEF genes might function during pollen germination in distinct subcellular localization. Our study could provide valuable information on the functional study of RopGEF in rice.

show abstract

Castasterone Can be Biosynthesized from 28-homodolichosterone in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Genome-wide analysis of RopGEF gene family to identify genes contributing to pollen tube growth in rice (Oryza sativa)

Genome-wide analysis of RopGEF gene family to identify genes contributing to pollen tube growth in rice (Oryza sativa)

Comprehensive Overview of the Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis Pathways: Substrates, Products, Inhibitors, and Connections

Genome-wide analysis of RopGEF gene family to identify genes contributing to pollen tube growth in rice (Oryza sativa)

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