Cassava Pests and Diseases’ Prevalence and Performance as Revealed by Adaptive Trial Sites in North Western Agro-Ecological Zone of Uganda

Abstract

Cassava adaptive trial was planted in ten sub counties across West Nile Agro-ecological Zone (WNAEZ) with six cassava varieties to test their performance and reactions to major pests and diseases present in the Zone. Th six cassava varieties comprised of improved (TME 14 and 204, NASE 13 and 14 and Akena -TMS I92/00067) and a local (Abiria) were selected based on their availability and preference in the region. The experiment was planted in RCBD design with three replicates. The experiment was planted in ten locations with the plot size was 6x6 metres. Results showed Cassava green mite (CGM), Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava bacterial blight (CBB) as major pest and diseases across all sites. Cassava Anthracnose (CA) and Cassava mealy bug (CM) were not present in the study sites. Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) foliar symptoms was observed in three locations of Dranya s/c, Gimara s/c and Nyaravuru s/c on the three varieties of TME 204, TMS-I92/00067 and TME 14, whereas CBSD root necrosis was seen across all sites on TME 204, TMS-I92/00067, NASE 13, TME 14 and the Local except on NASE 14. In terms of yields, results showed that it was highest in TMS-I92/00067 (53.0 t/ha), TME 204 (46.0 t/ha), NASE 14 (39.4 t/ha), TME 14 (34.6 t/ha), NASE 13 (33.4 t/ha) and the local (22.7 t/ha) in that order. Farmers' ranking of the studied cassava varieties in order of preference was in the order of NASE 14, TME 204, TMS-I92/00067, TME 14, NASE 13 and the Local. In conclusion, absence of both foliar and root symptoms on NASE 14 across all sites indicated that this variety is still tolerant to CBSD and can still be multiplied for production in West Nile Agro-ecological Zone.

Infestation of Major Pests and Diseases on Various Cassava Clones in Lampung-Indonesia

“…The finding of this research indicated that the major pests of cassava in Indonesia especially in Lampung are comparable with cassava pests in Africa and other regions. According to Abaca et al (2014), the main pests of cassava in Africa were cassava mealybug (P. manihoti), African root scale insect (Stictococcus vayssierei) and cassava green mite (Mononychelus tanajoa). Bellotii (2002) also described nine species of pests that attack cassava in Asia, including mite, mealybugs, whitefly, fruit fly, grubs, termite, and stem borer.…”

“…Sundari (2010) reported that cassava diseases in Indonesia were mostly caused by bacteria and fungi. Abaca et al (2014) reported that cassava in Africa was attacked by four diseases, namely, cassava mosaic diseases (CMD), cassava brown streak disease (CBSD), cassava bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis while cassava anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (CA).…”

“…They were considered as serious problem in many cassava producing countries. Abaca et al (2014) reported that green mite, mosaic wilt and cassava wilt bacteria were the main pests and diseases in Northwest of Uganda. The green mite infestation reached 37-100 %.…”

Identifikasi Penyakit Bercak Daun Coklat dan Busuk Umbi pada Tanaman Ubikayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) akibat Penambahan Pupuk KCl dan “Zincmicro”

“…Terdapat beberapa penyakit penting pada tanaman ubikayu di Indonesia, yaitu penyakit bercak daun coklat (Cercospora henningsii), bercak daun baur (Cercospora viscosae), hawar bakteri (Xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis), Layu bakteri (Pseudomonas solanacearum), mosaik virus (Cassava Mosaic Virus) dan busuk umbi (Abaca et al 2014). Selain itu, faktor pembatas produksi ubikayu adalah ketersediaan unsur hara.…”

Evaluation of agronomic performance of beta-carotene rich (yellow fleshed) cassava varieties in Nigeria

“…manihotis), and anthracnose (CA; Colletotrichum gloeosporoides) are among the most important diseases. Pests with a wide African spread are the cassava mealybug (CM; Phenacoccus manihoti), African root and tuber scale (Stictococcus vayssierei), cassava green mite (CGM; Mononychellus tanajoa) and nematodes (particularly Meloidogyne species) (Abaca et al, 2014).…”