Cassava grates processing wastes as source of electrical energy

Abstract

The study aimed to generate electricity from cassava (Manihot esculenta) extract using an improvised microbial fuel cell (MFC). In the development of the MFC, screening experiment using 8-run Plackett-Burman (PB) technique and optimization procedure following response surface methodology (RSM) were employed. More cassava extract concentration significantly increased the generated voltage and the significance exhibited by salt ratio was inversely proportional to the voltage generated. One of the treatments in the 3×3 factorial experiment reached the maximum voltage of 546 mV. Response surface regression analysis of all the response studied revealed that linear, quadratic, and cross product regression of cassava extract concentration and salt ratio in the salt bridge significantly affected the voltage which further developed a regression model represented as ∆E=106+1318x-4829y-850x2-787xy+18032y2. The canonical analysis of the voltage showed minimum response at the stationary point inside the factor level space equal to 211 mV. Salt ratio level lower than 15% and cassava extract concentration not less than 60% generated a higher voltage value. T-test showed no significant difference of voltage between days, and between the predicted mean and the observed mean, which had % accuracy of 92.54, and 93.28%.“

Utilization of Wastewater from Different Sources as Potential Electrical Energy Source

“…Means with the same letter are not significantly different. Atanacio et al (2010) reported that a dualchamber MFC separated by the salt bridge using cassava extracts, one of the treatments (67% cassava extract concentration; 5% salt ratio in the salt bridge) in the 3 x 3 factorial experiment reached the maximum voltage (435 mV to 546 mV) with an average voltage of 371 to 409 mV. Also, Tan et al (2013) revealed that a single chamber MFC affected by the presence and absence of membrane from cassava wastewater could generate an average voltage of 720.83 mV (present) and 241.50 mV (absent) with a corresponding average current of 0.50 mA (present) and 0.13 mA (absent), respectively.…”

“…Perhaps, the quantity of energy or power produced June Recoletos Multidisciplinar y Research Journal varies which depends on the category of reactor and the organic matter's precise source (Atanacio et al, 2010). Seemingly, MFCs has a lot of advantages such as high energy-conversion efficiency and mild reaction conditions, unlike conventional fuel cells.…”

“…The dominant wastewater treatments are primary and secondary treatments depending on the wastewater's physical and chemical constituents, and the standard quality of effluents before its discharge to the surface of the water or land. Atanacio et al (2010) stated in his recent study, wastewater and other toxic liquid residues (e.g., cassava extract) are a prevailing problem in the Philippines. These are coming from processing plants and the waste extracted from different crops and residues.…”