Casparian strips

Geldner, Niko

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.052

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In addition to the dissolution of host cells and walls, the mechanical pressure by the penetrating intrusive cells pushes host cells aside so that the shapes of the host cells change and the space between them is fully occupied by the parasite cells (105). An interesting aspect of the invasion process is that the intrusive parasite cells can overcome the endodermis, including the Casparian strips, where lignin polymers create an apoplastic diffusion barrier (43,92). For example, the Striga hermonthica haustorium advances into intercellular spaces of the host endodermis by dissolving the Casparian strips without damaging the host endodermal cells (95).…”

Section: Host Invasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Haustorium, a Specialized Invasive Organ in Parasitic Plants

Yoshida

Cui²,

Ichihashi³

et al. 2016

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

244

223

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Parasitic plants thrive by infecting other plants. Flowering plants evolved parasitism independently at least 12 times, in all cases developing a unique multicellular organ called the haustorium that forms upon detection of haustorium-inducing factors derived from the host plant. This organ penetrates into the host stem or root and connects to its vasculature, allowing exchange of materials such as water, nutrients, proteins, nucleotides, pathogens, and retrotransposons between the host and the parasite. In this review, we focus on the formation and function of the haustorium in parasitic plants, with a specific emphasis on recent advances in molecular studies of root parasites in the Orobanchaceae and stem parasites in the Convolvulaceae.

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Section: Host Invasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Haustorium, a Specialized Invasive Organ in Parasitic Plants

Yoshida

Cui²,

Ichihashi³

et al. 2016

Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.

244

223

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…1). Thanks to its Casparian strip, the root endodermis is able to block the diffusion of solutes between the outer environment and the stele, thereby forcing uptake of nutrients through the endodermal plasma membrane (Geldner, 2013). In addition to possessing the Casparian strip, the cell wall of endodermal cells undergoes a secondary differentiation consisting of suberin deposition on the entire cell surface.…”

Section: Plasticity Of Endodermal Suberization As a Regulator Of Rootmentioning

confidence: 99%

New routes for plant iron mining

Curie

Mari

2016

New Phytologist

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Contents 521I.521II.522III.523IV.524525References525 Summary Plant iron (Fe) uptake relies to a large extent on the capacity of cells to control and extract Fe pools safely conserved in extracytoplasmic environments such as the apoplast and vacuoles, at least as much as on the transport machinery nested in plasma membranes. Recent studies on root and embryo Fe nutrition support this assertion and show that the root Fe‐deficiency response also includes the dynamic use of a large Fe reservoir bound to cell wall components in the root apoplast, secretion in the apoplast of phenolic compounds of the coumarin family, which solubilize Fe in calcareous soils, and inhibition of suberization of endodermal cells in order to allow apoplastic and transcellular radial transport of Fe. All of these responses are regulated by the stress hormones ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA), suggesting an integrated strategy within the root to adapt to Fe shortage. For its nutrition, the embryo has developed both an original uptake mechanism, in which ascorbate is effluxed to chemically reduce Fe3+ to the transport‐competent Fe2+ form, and an efficient strategy to control utilization of a large Fe pool in vacuoles. This review will attempt to summarize exciting new insights into the diverse routes that Fe takes to feed plant tissues.

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“…A specialized cell wall feature of roots is the Casparian strip, a hydrophobically impregnated cell wall band between adjacent endodermal cells that seals the inside of the root from the outside (Geldner, 2013a). This barrier blocks the diffusion of harmful xenobiotics (exogenous toxic substances) from the soil into the vasculature and the leakage of nutrients in the reverse direction.…”

Section: Structure Of Cell Walls In Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the cell wall compartment in mutualistic symbioses of plants

2014

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Plants engage in mutualistic interactions with microbes that improve their mineral nutrient supply. The most wide-spread symbiotic association is arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), in which fungi of the order Glomeromycota invade roots and colonize the cellular lumen of cortical cells. The establishment of this interaction requires a dedicated molecular-genetic program and a cellular machinery of the plant host. This program is partially shared with the root nodule symbiosis (RNS), which involves prokaryotic partners collectively referred to as rhizobia. Both, AM and RNS are endosymbioses that involve intracellular accommodation of the microbial partner in the cells of the plant host. Since plant cells are surrounded by sturdy cell walls, root penetration and cell invasion requires mechanisms to overcome this barrier while maintaining the cytoplasm of the two partners separate during development of the symbiotic association. Here, we discuss the diverse functions of the cell wall compartment in establishment and functioning of plant symbioses with the emphasis on AM and RNS, and we describe the stages of the AM association between the model organisms Petunia hybrida and Rhizophagus irregularis.

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Casparian strips

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

The Haustorium, a Specialized Invasive Organ in Parasitic Plants

The Haustorium, a Specialized Invasive Organ in Parasitic Plants

New routes for plant iron mining

The role of the cell wall compartment in mutualistic symbioses of plants

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