A few cases of pigmented squamous cell carcinoma affecting the skin and the
ocular and oral mucosa of the elderly have been described in the literature. The
disease manifests itself as papular and nodular erythematous or pigmented
lesions. The main clinical differential diagnoses are pigmented basal cell
carcinoma and melanoma. Histopathological examination is characterized by
proliferation of atypical squamous cells with formation of horn pearls permeated
by dendritic melanocytes. For this reason, a careful diagnosis is necessary to
rule out other tumors that show melanin pigment. Surgical removal is the
indicated treatment and the prognosis is similar to the classical squamous cell
carcinoma. We report a case of pigmented squamous cell carcinoma with diagnosis
confirmed by histological and immunohistochemical examinations.