Cases of prolonged luteal activity in the non-pregnant dairy cow

Bulman, D.C.; Ge, Lan

doi:10.1136/vr.100.26.550

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, follicles in cows affected with severe negative energy balance (greater BCS loss) were reported to be smaller in size and produce less estrogen [1]. However, some studies indicated that the occurrence of PLP has not been associated with any obvious clinical reproductive disorders [3,14]. A high incidence of prolonged luteal phase after insemination in cows with prolonged luteal activity after first ovulation was reported previously [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Onset and Duration of Luteal Activity Postpartum and Their Effect on First Insemination Conception Rate in Lactating Dairy Cows

Hommeida

Nakao

Kubota³

2005

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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The incidence of different types of luteal activity postpartum and their effect on reproductive performance were studied in 21 postpartum dairy cows. Progesterone concentrations in defatted milk collected 3 times a week were determined by EIA. Reproductive tract examination was undertaken every other week postpartum. Body weight and body condition score (BCS) were measured before and after calving and the average 100-day milk yield was calculated. Nine (42.9%) cows had normal ovarian activity (first luteal activity < or = 50 days postpartum followed by regular cycles), 5 (23.8%) had prolonged luteal phase (PLP; ovarian cycle with luteal activity > or = 20 days pre-service) and in 7 (33.3%) cows the first luteal activity was shown later than 50 days postpartum (DOV). When compared with normal cows, both PLP and DOV had longer interval to first insemination (63.1 +/- 22.0 days versus 77.6 +/- 21.6 and 93.0 +/- 22.3 days, P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), lower first insemination conception rate (88.9% versus 0.0% and 57.1%, P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively) and greater BCS loss (0.81 +/- 0.2 versus 1.05 +/- 0.21 and 1.04 +/- 0.10, respectively, P<0.01). Cows with PLP showed longer interval to uterine involution than normal and DOV groups (54.0 +/- 8.3 days versus 42.4 +/- 5.5 and 43.3 +/- 8.3 days, respectively, P<0.01) and higher 100-day milk yield (38.8 +/- 2.7 kg versus 33.6 +/- 4.7 and 29.9 +/- 6.1 kg, respectively, P<0.01). In conclusion, more than half of the cows had abnormal luteal activity postpartum, which adversely affected reproductive performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Onset and Duration of Luteal Activity Postpartum and Their Effect on First Insemination Conception Rate in Lactating Dairy Cows

Hommeida

Nakao

Kubota³

2005

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…A persistent CL was defined as a luteal structure that remained detectable in the ovary for >30 d and maintained serum progesterone concentrations >1 ng/ mL (Bulman and Lamming, 1977). A short luteal phase was defined as an interval between first and second postpartum ovulation of <12 d. Anovulation was defined as no ovulation for the entire 70-d postpartum period.…”

Section: Postpartum Ultrasound Evaluation and Reproductive Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Dry Periods and Varying Prepartum Diets Alter Postpartum Ovulation and Reproductive Measures

Gümen

Rastani

Grummer

et al. 2005

Journal of Dairy Science

133

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There has been substantial recent interest in shortening dry periods; however, the effects of this management change on reproduction have not been adequately evaluated. Holstein cows (n = 58) were assigned in a randomized block design to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) traditional (T) dry period (approximately 56 d) in which cows were fed a low energy diet from 56 to 29 d prepartum followed by a moderate energy diet for 28 d; 2) shortened (S) dry period (approximately 28 d) in which cows were fed continuously a high energy diet; or 3) no planned (N) dry period in which cows were fed continuously a high energy diet. All cows received a high energy lactation diet after calving. Ovaries were evaluated by ultrasound and blood samples collected 3 times weekly beginning at d 6 or 7 postpartum until 7 d after second ovulation. Average days from calving until first detection of a 10-mm follicle were fewer in N (8.0 d) and S (8.9 d) than in T (10.5 d) cows. Time from calving to first ovulation was earlier in N (13.2 d) than in S (23.8 d) and T (31.9 d) cows. A greater percentage of follicles of the first follicular wave ovulated in N (89%; 16/18) than in T (42%; 8/19), with S (62%; 13/21) cows being intermediate. Double ovulation rate at the first ovulation was greater in T (61%) than N (16%), with S (35%) intermediate. No difference was detected in double ovulation rate at second ovulation (13/56). Number of cows with persistent corpus luteum (>30 d; 15/56) was not different among groups; however, short luteal phases were greater in N (28%; 5/18) than S (0%; 0/20) cows. Days to first artificial insemination were fewer in N (69.4 d) and S (68.0 d) than in T (75.0 d). First-service conception rate was greater in N (55%; 11/20) than in T (20%; 4/20), with S (26%; 6/23) cows being intermediate. Days open in pregnant cows were fewer in N (93.8 d) than in T (145.4 d), with S (121.2 d) cows being intermediate. Thus, shortening or eliminating the dry period leads to earlier postpartum ovulation and the results highlight the need for future large field studies to accurately evaluate the effect of dry period length on reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows.

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“…Corpora lutea (or possibly ovarian structures which are not true corpora lutea) which persist for longer than normal are not uncommon in the early post-partum period (Bulman & Lamming, 1977); also ovulations without preceding oestrous behaviour, but with formation of apparently normal corpora lutea are common. These abnormalities are detectable with the aid of milk progesterone levels and may then be effectively treated with prostaglandin F 2a or cloprostenol, a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F 2a , which induces regression of corpora lutea and permits new ovulations to occur.…”

Section: Research On Hormonal Therapy For Reproductive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormones in milk: their physiological significance and value as diagnostic aids

Pope¹,

Swinburne²

1980

Journal of Dairy Research

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Preservation of samples Distribution between aqueous and fat phases of milk Concentrations in milk collected at different times of the milking process and at morning and evening milking Relationships of concentrations in plasma to those in milk Research in ovarian physiology Relative value of progesterone concentrations in plasma, whole milk, defatted milk and milk fat Oestrus and ovulation in the early postpartum period

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Cases of prolonged luteal activity in the non-pregnant dairy cow

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Onset and Duration of Luteal Activity Postpartum and Their Effect on First Insemination Conception Rate in Lactating Dairy Cows

Onset and Duration of Luteal Activity Postpartum and Their Effect on First Insemination Conception Rate in Lactating Dairy Cows

Reduced Dry Periods and Varying Prepartum Diets Alter Postpartum Ovulation and Reproductive Measures

Hormones in milk: their physiological significance and value as diagnostic aids

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