Abstract:While movement of people in crowds and fire drills has been studied by numerous investigators, little data exist for real fire evacuations. This is largely due to the difficulty in establishing an accurate position-time history for the evacuees. The evacuation of the World Trade Center North and South Towers on September 11, 2001 was unique in that major, catastrophic events occurred at distinct times during the evacuation. In this paper, 14 evacuation case studies are presented in which the evacuee reported t… Show more
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