Case study assessing the feasibility of using a wearable haptic device or humanoid robot to facilitate transitions in occupational therapy sessions for children with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

Introduction Some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties with transitions that may lead to problem behaviours. Although the use of technologies with children with ASD is receiving increasing attention, no study has looked at their effect on transitions in activities of daily living. This study aimed to document the feasibility of (1) using two intervention technologies (NAO humanoid robot or wearable haptic device) separately to facilitate transitions in occupational therapy sessions for children with ASD and (2) the method used to document changes. Methods Using a single case reversal (ABA) design, two children with ASD were randomly assigned to one of the intervention technologies (humanoid robot or haptic bracelet). Each technology was used as an antecedent to stimulate the start of transitions in eight intervention sessions at a private occupational therapy clinic. Data concerning the time required for transitions, child’s behaviours during transitions at the clinic and mother’s perception of the child’s performance in transitions at home were analysed graphically. Results When using technology, both children’s behaviours were appropriate, quick and relatively stable. Also, both mothers reported improved perceptions of their child’s performance in transitions. Conclusions This exploratory study suggests no detrimental effect of using these technologies.

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“…The study was conducted in a rehabilitation structure, where individuals with Level 1 ASD indicated 100% satisfaction rates, while Level 2 and Level 3 reached a satisfaction of 50%. Beaudoin et al (2021) proposed combining NAO with a wearable haptic device to facilitate individuals with ASD transitions between activities. The haptic device sends vibration clues before the therapist's instructions, while the robot performs a verbal script to announce the transitions.…”

Haptic Technology: A Valuable Paradigm for Reinforcing Learning Processes in Early Childhood Special Education

“…Such robotic based systems can be deployed in experimental settings as well as in more natural environments, such as the classroom for more inclusive educational policies. In this direction, haptic devices have been useful also to help childrens with ASD to transition between ocupational therapy tasks [89], which can be shared with neurotypical development children.…”