Case Report: Toxic encephalopathy caused by repeated inhalation of liquid sealant

Abstract

Short-term exposure to high levels of organic solvents, as well as long-term exposure to small doses, can damage the central nervous system, thereby leading to toxic encephalopathy. However, toxic encephalopathy caused by long-term inhalation of liquid sealant is rarely reported. This study describes the clinical data of a case of toxic encephalopathy caused by repeated inhalation of liquid sealants and discusses the pathophysiological characteristics and treatment of organic solvent toxic encephalopathy. This report aims to strengthen the understanding of this disease among clinical staff.

Toxic Encephalopathy and Methemoglobinemia after 5-Amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine Poisoning

“…MRI showed symmetrical hypointense signal on T1WI in the basal ganglia and corona radiata, and high signal on T2WI and DWI. The clinical and MRI findings were similar to those of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning; however, the MRI findings are also similar to those of toxic encephalopathy caused by organic solvents including extensive white matter density reduction, symmetrical distribution, and no placeholder effect [ 14 , 15 ]. The chemical structure of 5-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine is similar to aniline, which can cause neurological damage.…”

Clinical and neuroradiographic features of fentanyl inhalation-induced leukoencephalopathy

“…There have been numerous insults and toxins identified including chemotherapeutic agents such as carmustine and methotrexate, immunosuppressive drugs such as ciclosporin and tacrolimus, environmental toxins such as carbon monoxide, and drugs of misuse such as alcohol, cocaine and heroin 3. Glue, toluene and other volatile compounds that are inhaled have been reported to cause TLE 4–6…”