Case report on 5-fluorouracil induced cerebrovascular accident

Abstract

Introduction 5-Fluorouracil is an antineoplastic agent generally used to treat various types of solid tumors. The common adverse drug reaction associated with 5-fluorouracil are myelosuppression, mucositis, diarrhea, and hand-foot syndrome. Neurological side effects such as headache, dizziness, convulsion, encephalopathy, and acute cerebellar syndrome are rare in nature. Case presentation We report a case of 5-fluorouracil induced cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in a patient with no risk factors for CVA before chemotherapy. A 37 years old female patient diagnosed with carcinoma rectum underwent six cycles of chemotherapy with 5- fluorouracil- calcium leucovorin- irinotecan (FOLFIRI regimen). After completing the last cycle, she developed headache, vomiting, and facial deviation along with high blood pressure (260/160 mmHg). MRI brain was done, and it revealed acute non-hemorrhagic lacunar infarct in the left half of pons. 5-fluorouracil induced CVA was suspected and was managed with dual antiplatelet, statin, and antihypertensives. Conclusion The clinicians and clinical pharmacists must be aware about the potential of 5-FU to induce rare side effects such as CVA even in low risk patients in order to avoid permanent harm to the patient

Erosive-ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum during therapy with 5-fluorouracil

“…Кроме эффективной противоопухолевой активности 5-фторурацил обладает множеством побоч-ных действий, которым подвержены система кроветворения, печень, кожа, нервные клетки, сердечно-сосудистая и мочевыделительная системы. Но чаще всего страдает слизистая оболочка желудка и кишечника [12][13][14]. При применении 5-фторурацила частота развития данных нежелательных явлений со стороны желудочно-кишечного тракта составляет около 30-40 % [12].…”

Eubacterium coprostanoligenes alleviates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing intestinal mucus barrier

“…Notably, commonly used chemotherapy drugs such as 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and irinotecan (CPT) induce severe mucositis, with about one-third of patients experiencing grade 3 or 4 diarrhea 6 . Beyond its debilitating symptoms, chemotherapy-induced mucositis significantly impairs patients' quality of life, often necessitating dose reductions, which in turn limit the effectiveness of cancer treatment and may even lead to fatal outcomes 7 , 8 . Presently, there is a lack of effective single interventions available for the prevention or treatment of mucositis 9 .…”

Co-encapsulation of paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil in folic acid-modified, lipid-encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles for synergistic breast cancer treatment

“…11 Indeed, both PTX and 5-FU have low target specicity, so they can induce several adverse reactions, such as myelosuppression, allergies, and gastrointestinal complications. 12,13 In addition, they have different physicochemical properties and they require a xed sequence of administration during combination therapy: PTX must be administered before long-term administration of 5-FU. 3,4,6,8 These two factors make their co-delivery and controlled release challenging in the clinic.…”