Case report of respiratory aspergillosis and candidiasis in wild Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus), Brazil

Ewbank, Ana Carolina; Duarte-Benvenuto, Arícia; Zamana, Roberta Ramblas; Navas‐Suárez, Pedro Enrique; Gattamorta, Marco Aurélio; Santos-Costa, Priscilla Carla dos; Catão‐Dias, José Luiz; Sacristán, Carlos

doi:10.1007/s42770-021-00438-x

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…It represents a major limiting factor for the rehabilitation of penguins in captivity [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. On the contrary, aspergillosis in free-ranging birds is only rarely described [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The important susceptibility of birds, and especially penguins, to aspergillosis also results from the scarcity of immune surveillance cells in the air sac system, and the lack of an epiglottis or diaphragm to block the inhalation of the spores [ 10 , 11 ]. In addition to these predisposing factors, external factors including thermal discomfort, overcrowding or stress also contribute to the high incidence of avian aspergillosis in birds in captivity [ 2 , 7 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], as compared to free-ranging birds [ 15 ]. The exposure to high concentrations of Aspergillus conidia is presumed to further enhance the occurrence of aspergillosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Humboldt Penguins—Susceptibility Patterns and Molecular Epidemiology of Clinical and Environmental Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from a Belgian Zoo, 2017–2022

et al. 2023

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Aspergillus fumigatus is the main causative agent of avian aspergillosis and results in significant health problems in birds, especially those living in captivity. The fungal contamination by A. fumigatus in the environment of Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti), located in a Belgian zoo, was assessed through the analysis of air, water, sand and nest samples during four non-consecutive days in 2021–2022. From these samples, potential azole-resistant A. fumigatus (ARAF) isolates were detected using a selective culture medium. A total of 28 veterinary isolates obtained after necropsy of Humboldt penguins and other avian species from the zoo were also included. All veterinary and suspected ARAF isolates from the environment were characterized for their azole-resistance profile by broth microdilution. Isolates displaying phenotypic resistance against at least one medical azole were systematically screened for mutations in the cyp51A gene. A total of 14 (13.6%) ARAF isolates were identified from the environment (n = 8) and from Humboldt penguins (n = 6). The TR34/L98H mutation was observed in all resistant environmental strains, and in two resistant veterinary strains. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of this mutation in A. fumigatus isolates from Humboldt penguins. During the period 2017–2022, pulmonary aspergillosis was confirmed in 51 necropsied penguins, which reflects a death rate due to aspergillosis of 68.0%, mostly affecting adults. Microsatellite polymorphism analysis revealed a high level of diversity among environmental and veterinary A. fumigatus isolates. However, a cluster was observed between one veterinary isolate and six environmental strains, all resistant to medical azoles. In conclusion, the environment of the Humboldt penguins is a potential contamination source of ARAF, making their management even more complex.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Humboldt Penguins—Susceptibility Patterns and Molecular Epidemiology of Clinical and Environmental Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from a Belgian Zoo, 2017–2022

et al. 2023

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“…Existem poucos estudos relacionados as aves da caatinga no que tange a ocorrência e prevalência de endoparasitas. Não apenas muitas aves endêmicas em uma determinada região proporciona a disseminação de doenças (Puttalakshmamma et al, 2008), como também a redução do habitat pela ação humana tem afetado o bioma da Caatinga, forçando um aumento no contato entre espécimes e consequente estresse, favorecendo a infecção em comunidades imaturas (Ewbank et al, 2021;Santos, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Prevalência de estrongilídeos em aves silvestres da Caatinga

Sousa

Hohlenwerger

Miranda³

et al. 2023

Pubvet

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Destacada por sua particular diversidade, a avifauna brasileira constituí campo de pesquisa vasto e ainda permeado de lacunas que exigem mais estudos exploratórios, notoriamente quanto a biologia e clínica deste grupo. O presente trabalho, objetivou pesquisar endoparasitos gastrintestinais em aves silvestres de vida livre da caatinga, por meio da análise em microscópica de esfregaços diretos de fezes, buscando identificar a prevalência de estrongilídeos entre os parasitas identificados nas amostras, tendo como resultado dentre as 111 lâminas analisadas, 44 positivas para Strongyloides spp.

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Marine Bird of Neotropics, What We Know, and We Should Know of Diseases in a Changing World

Cortés-Hinojosa

2024

Ecology of Wildlife Diseases in the Neotropics

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Case report of respiratory aspergillosis and candidiasis in wild Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus), Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Humboldt Penguins—Susceptibility Patterns and Molecular Epidemiology of Clinical and Environmental Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from a Belgian Zoo, 2017–2022

Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Humboldt Penguins—Susceptibility Patterns and Molecular Epidemiology of Clinical and Environmental Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from a Belgian Zoo, 2017–2022

Prevalência de estrongilídeos em aves silvestres da Caatinga

Marine Bird of Neotropics, What We Know, and We Should Know of Diseases in a Changing World

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