Case report of an anomalous single azygos venous coil insertion to reduce the defibrillation threshold in a patient with a right-sided deltopectoral ICD implant

Transvenous lead implantation via the accessory hemiazygos vein in superior vena cava occlusion

“…Case reports exist describing the use of azygos and hemiazygos veins to modify shocking vectors at defibrillation threshold testing, typically in right-sided implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. [6][7][8][9][10] Two published case reports describe the use of mini-thoracotomy and percutaneous approach to access the azygos vein for lead placement in SVCO from the right side. 11,12 In the context of SVCO, the azygos/hemiazygos route may provide alternate routes of lead delivery, as described in this case.…”