Case Report: MIS-C With Prominent Hepatic and Pancreatic Involvement in a Vaccinated Adolescent – A Critical Reasoning

Consolini, Rita; Costagliola, Giorgio; Spada, Erika; Colombatto, P.; Orsini, Alessandro; Bonuccelli, Alice; Brunetto, M.R.; Peroni, Diego

doi:10.3389/fped.2022.896903

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A report by CDC has highlighted that immunological protection of the COVID vaccine declines 6–8 months following vaccination and different studies have also raised concern about the long effectiveness of the COVID vaccine ( 120 ). Since there is uncertainty about the long-term protective effect of the COVID-19 vaccine, exposing the children will not be a wise decision.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do we need to vaccinate every child against COVID-19: What evidence suggests—A systematic review of opinions

Paul

Mishra

2022

Front. Public Health

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It is still debatable whether all children should receive the COVID-19 vaccine. The comparatively mild cases and low risk of COVID-19 in children compared to adults, as well as the lack of clarity on the relative effects of the disease and vaccine, indicate that the risk-benefit ratio of vaccination in children is more nuanced. To consider and highlight the complexity of policy decisions regarding COVID-19 vaccination in children, we outlined the points regarding for and against vaccination of children against COVID-19 in this systemic review. Using Medical Search Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords, we searched PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The primary search term was COVID-19 vaccination (all synonyms), factors (all synonyms), and among children (all synonyms). A total of 367 articles were searched. Finally, 64 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The major theme/tone of 28 (43.75%) articles was in favor of children's COVID vaccination, and they were highlighting the positive factors, whereas the major theme/tone of 20 (31.25%) articles was against it. Approximately 16 (25.0%) articles were in a neutral position. Major factors highlighted by articles in favor of childhood COVID vaccination were as follows: the increasing rate of disease burden (29 articles), prevention of interruption of academic activities of children or school reopening (24 articles), and a role in defense against COVID infection (21 articles). Major factors against childhood vaccination were as follows: mild infection among children (27 articles), ethical concerns and legal problems regarding the consent of minors (17 articles), and vaccine hesitancy among parents for childhood vaccination (11 articles). Whereas, factors of uncertainty were the role in the reduction of community transmission (19 articles), protection against MIS-C (10 articles), and defense against long COVID (7 articles). Considering all the factors of COVID-19 disease progression among children, a cautious approach will be essential before proceeding with COVID-19 vaccination in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do we need to vaccinate every child against COVID-19: What evidence suggests—A systematic review of opinions

Paul

Mishra

2022

Front. Public Health

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“…For example, Jain et al [ 22 ] and Collignon et al [ 23 ] reported cases with a short interval between vaccination and PIMS-TS symptoms, suggesting other factors at play. Similarly, cases reported by Consollini et al [ 24 ], Salzman et al [ 25 ], and DeJong et al [ 26 ] involved prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure, complicating the causal link to vaccination. In another case, Lee et al described a child who developed PIMS-TS MIS-C after being exposed to COVID-19 despite the vaccination [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussion and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 94%

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and PIMS-TS—Friends or Foe? Case Reports and Literature Review

Opoka-Winiarska,

Morawska-Michalska,

Mertowska

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Pediatric inflammatory, multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (PIMS-TS), also known as a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), is diagnosed in children who develop an inadequate inflammatory response after exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pathogenesis of the abnormal response of the immune system to a previous SARS-COV-2 infection has not been explained. Similarly, the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccinations in this group of patients have become the subject of clinical discussion. Presenting experiences from many centers aims to answer this question. We present 4 cases of patients who suffered from PIMS-TS. Three of them were safely vaccinated against COVID-19 after illness. One patient developed PIMS-TS temporarily associated with COVID-19 vaccination. We also collected and discussed data from other centers.

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“…Four patients received ASA as antiaggregant therapy for the increased risk of thrombotic events [101,[110][111][112]. One patient started anticoagulant therapy (heparin) due to the concomitant contraceptive therapy [103]. All vaccine-related MIS-C patients clinically improved and fully recovered without sequalae.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Vaccination-related Mis-cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Syndromes Related to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in Pediatric Age: A Narrative Review

Mastrolia,

De Cillia,

Orlandi

et al. 2023

Medicina

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This narrative review aims to report the main clinical manifestations, therapeutic strategies, outcomes, and complications of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in childhood and to summarize the data relating the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination efficacy and safety in pediatric age. SARS-CoV-2 infection mostly occurs asymptomatically in the pediatric population, while multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) represents the most severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related illness, a life-threatening event with a high morbidity rate. After the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and their subsequent approval in children, the rate of infection as well as the number of its related complications have shown a drastic decrease. Fully vaccinated children are protected from the risk of developing a severe disease and a similar protective role has been observed in the reduction of complications, in particular MIS-C. However, long-lasting immunity has not been demonstrated, booster doses have been required, and reinfection has been observed. With regards to vaccine safety, adverse events were generally mild to moderate in all age groups: local adverse events were the most commonly reported. Nevertheless, a potential association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and the subsequent development of inflammatory manifestations has been suggested. Myocarditis has rarely been observed following vaccination; it appeared to be more frequent among adolescent males with a mild clinical course leading to a complete recovery. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related MIS-C cases have been described, although a univocal definition and an exact time interval with respect to vaccination has not been reported, thus not establishing a direct causal link. Current evidence about COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents suggest that benefits outweigh potential risks. Long-term data collection of the post-authorization safety surveillance programs will better define the real incidence of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related complications in the pediatric population.

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Case Report: MIS-C With Prominent Hepatic and Pancreatic Involvement in a Vaccinated Adolescent – A Critical Reasoning

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Do we need to vaccinate every child against COVID-19: What evidence suggests—A systematic review of opinions

Do we need to vaccinate every child against COVID-19: What evidence suggests—A systematic review of opinions

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and PIMS-TS—Friends or Foe? Case Reports and Literature Review

Clinical Syndromes Related to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in Pediatric Age: A Narrative Review

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