Case report: Hepatic ultrasound findings in a case of toxocariasis

Clarke, H; Hinde, F. R. J.; Manns, R.A.

doi:10.1016/s0009-9260(05)80321-6

“…Além dessas associações, a presença de hiper IgE em pacientes soropositivos para Toxocara foi relatada em vários trabalhos 7,23,77,78,100,115,117 .…”

Section: Diagnósticounclassified

Toxocariasis: visceral larva migrans in children

Carvalho¹,

Rocha²

2011

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Objectives: To present a detailed investigation of risk factors, symptoms, and laboratory and imaging tests that may be useful to establish the clinical laboratory diagnosis of visceral larva migrans (VLM) in children, demonstrating the importance of diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications in the eyes, liver, and other organs. Sources:Literature review using the MEDLINE and LILACS (1952-2009) databases, selecting the most recent and representative articles on the topic. Summary of the findings:VLM is an infectious disease with nonspecific clinical presentation, whose transmission is related to contact with dogs, especially puppies, and which may progress to late systemic complications in vital organs such as the eyes and the central nervous system. IgG (ELISA) anti-T. canis can be used to establish the laboratory diagnosis. Higher cutoff points suggest recent illness and lower cutoff points demonstrate mild infection or infection in remission. Therapeutic response may be assessed by means of eosinophil blood cell count. The present article provides the pediatrician with updated information regarding VLM, a disease of high prevalence worldwide and in Brazil. Conclusions:The diagnosis of VLM depends mainly on the presence of dogs in the child's household, associated with ELISA (IgG anti-T. canis), using excretory-secretory antigens of Toxocara canis. Prospective studies are warranted to assess the best drug therapy. Prevention is the most important strategy because of the high prevalence of T. canis in urban areas.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(2):100-110: Toxocara canis, dogs, infection, epidemiology, ELISA, prevalence. ResumoObjetivos: Apresentar investigação detalhada de fatores de risco, sintomatologia, exames laboratoriais e de imagem que possam contribuir para o diagnóstico clínico-laboratorial da larva migrans visceral (LMV) em crianças e mostrar a importância do diagnóstico e do tratamento para evitar complicações oculares, hepáticas e em outros órgãos. Fontes dos dados:Revisão de literatura utilizando os bancos de dados MEDLINE e LILACS , selecionando os artigos mais atuais e representativos do tema. Síntese dos dados:LMV é uma doença infecciosa de apresentação clínica inespecífica cuja transmissão está relacionada ao contato com cães, principalmente filhotes, podendo evoluir com complicações sistêmicas tardias em órgãos vitais como o olho e sistema nervoso central. Para diagnóstico laboratorial, pode ser utilizado IgG (ELISA) anti-Toxocara canis, cujos pontos de corte mais elevados sugerem doença recente e, os mais baixos, infecção leve ou em resolução. A resposta terapêutica pode ser avaliada por meio da contagem de eosinófilos no sangue. Esse artigo atualiza o pediatra em relação à LMV, doença de alta prevalência no mundo e no Brasil.Conclusões: O diagnóstico de LMV depende principalmente da epidemiologia da presença de cães no domicílio da criança, associada ao ELISA (IgG para T. canis), utilizando antígenos Toxocara de excreção e secreção. São necessários estudos prospectivos para avali...

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“…In addition to these associations, the presence of hyper-IgE in patients seropositive for Toxocara was reported in several studies. 7,23,77,78,100,115,117 Some cases of VLM showed significant increase in the titers of anti-A and anti-B isohemagglutinin. 28,124 Glickman et al 32 suggested that anti-A isohemagglutinin titer above 400 can be an important criterion for a presumptive diagnosis of VLM.…”

Section: Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…77 Some of these authors reported regression of hepatic lesions after 16 months of use of diethylcarbamazine. 50,100 In some studies, thiabendazole was used at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day from 3 to 5, 7 or 10 days. 79,102 Other studies used both albendazole for 15 days and thiabendazole (25 mg/kg/day every 8 hours) in two periods of 7 days.…”

Section: Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxocaríase: larva migrans visceral em crianças e adolescentes

Carvalho¹,

Rocha²

2011

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objectives: To present a detailed investigation of risk factors, symptoms, and laboratory and imaging tests that may be useful to establish the clinical laboratory diagnosis of visceral larva migrans (VLM) in children, demonstrating the importance of diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications in the eyes, liver, and other organs.Sources: Literature review using the MEDLINE and LILACS (1952-2009) databases, selecting the most recent and representative articles on the topic. Summary of the findings:VLM is an infectious disease with non-specific clinical presentation, whose transmission is related to contact with dogs, especially puppies, and which may progress to late systemic complications in vital organs such as the eyes and the central nervous system. IgG (ELISA) anti-T. canis can be used to establish the laboratory diagnosis. Higher cutoff points suggest recent illness and lower cutoff points demonstrate mild infection or infection in remission. Therapeutic response may be assessed by means of eosinophil blood cell count. The present article provides the pediatrician with updated information regarding VLM, a disease of high prevalence worldwide and in Brazil. Conclusions:The diagnosis of VLM depends mainly on the presence of dogs in the child's household, associated with ELISA (IgG anti-T. canis), using excretory-secretory antigens of Toxocara canis. Prospective studies are warranted to assess the best drug therapy. Prevention is the most important strategy because of the high prevalence of T. canis in urban areas. Adult worms live on average 4 months and, after about 6 months, almost all are spontaneously eliminated by the host. 4

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“…Eine Eosinophilie durch Mikrofilarien (Wuchereria bancrofti) führte bisher nur einmal zu einem bioptisch gesicherten Nachweis einer eosinophilen Myokarditis [13]. Die in der Literatur zu findenden Falldarstellungen über Toxocara beziehen sich meist auf Infektionen von Kindern mit unterschiedlicher Organbeteiligung, während bei Erwachsenen wesentlich seltener Infektionskrankheiten beschrieben worden sind [1,4,12].…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified