Case Report: Endurance Cycle Ride Associated with a Significant Rise in PSA

Frymann, R.; Nuttall, Martin; Carter, P. G.

doi:10.1007/s11255-005-1661-7

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Long-distance biking is an excellent model to study the combined effects of mechanical prostate stimulation by bicycle riding and strenuous endurance exercise [ 2 ]. Mejak and coworkers demonstrated that cycling causes a significant increase in total PSA level when measured within 5 min post-cycling [ 3 ], whereas similar results were also achieved in other studies [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. On the other hand, other researchers report no changes in PSA level following cycling [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], showing the controversy of these types of studies.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Influence of Long-Distance Bicycle Riding on Serum/Urinary Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer

Heger

Gumulec

Ondrak

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Herein, we present a study focused on the determination of the influence of long-distance (53 km) bicycle riding on levels of chosen biochemical urinary and serum prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA) and sarcosine. Fourteen healthy participants with no evidence of prostate diseases, in the age range from 49–57 years with a median of 52 years, underwent physical exercise (mean race time of 150 ± 20 min, elevation increase of 472 m) and pre- and post-ride blood/urine sampling. It was found that bicycle riding resulted in elevated serum uric acid (p = 0.001, median 271.76 vs. 308.44 µmol/L pre- and post-ride, respectively), lactate (p = 0.01, median 2.98 vs. 4.8 mmol/L) and C-reactive protein (p = 0.01, 0.0–0.01 mg/L). It is noteworthy that our work supports the studies demonstrating an increased PSA after mechanical manipulation of the prostate. The subjects exhibited either significantly higher post-ride tPSA (p = 0.002, median 0.69 vs. 1.1 ng/mL pre- and post-ride, respectively) and fPSA (p = 0.028, median 0.25 vs. 0.35 ng/mL). Contrary to that, sarcosine levels were not significantly affected by physical exercise (p = 0.20, median 1.64 vs. 1.92 µmol/mL for serum sarcosine, and p = 0.15, median 0.02 µmol/mmol of creatinine vs. 0.01 µmol/mmol of creatinine for urinary sarcosine). Taken together, our pilot study provides the first evidence that the potential biomarker of PCa—sarcosine does not have a drawback by means of a bicycle riding-induced false positivity, as was shown in the case of PSA.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Influence of Long-Distance Bicycle Riding on Serum/Urinary Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer

Heger

Gumulec

Ondrak

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…3244 ng/ml) das Radfahren komplett eingestellt hatten [6,24]. Die Autoren vermuten, dass die wiederholte mechanische Reizung der Prostata beim Fahrradfahren die Konzentration des PSA erhöht hat.…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Beeinflussung der PSA-Konzentration im Serum durch körperliche Belastung (insbesondere Fahrradfahren)

Kindermann

Lehmann

Herrmann

et al. 2011

Urologe

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“…A comprehensive analysis of the 12 previous research reports regarding PSA and cycling, the majority of studies have shown no change to PSA subsequent to cycling [16]–[22], however, three prospective studies [22]–[24] and 2 published case reports [25], [26] have shown an increase in PSA with cycling. The methodologies of these cycling studies varied in many ways from each other, including the age ranges tested, timing of the post-cycling PSA testing, sample size, and the duration and intensity of cycling, and therefore discourage effective comparison.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Distance Bicycle Riding Causes Prostate-Specific Antigen to Increase in Men Aged 50 Years and Over

Mejak¹,

Bayliss

Hanks³

2013

PLoS ONE

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ObjectivesTo investigate whether bicycle riding alters total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) serum concentrations in healthy older men.Methods129 male participants, ranging in age from 50 to 71 years (mean 55 years), rode in a recreational group bicycle ride of between 55 and 160 kilometers. Blood samples for tPSA analysis were drawn within 60 minutes before starting, and within 5 minutes after completing the ride. The pre-cycling and post-cycling tPSA values were log transformed for normality and compared using paired t-tests. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between changes in tPSA with age and distance cycled.ResultsBicycle riding caused tPSA to increase by an average of 9.5% (95% CI = 6.1–12.9; p<0.001) or 0.23 ng/ml. The number of participants with an elevated tPSA (using the standard PSA normal range cut-off of 4.0 ng/ml) increased from two pre-cycle to six post-cycle (or from five to eight when using age-based normal ranges). Univariate linear regression analysis revealed that the change in tPSA was positively correlated with age and the distance cycled.ConclusionsCycling causes an average 9.5% increase in tPSA, in healthy male cyclists ≥50 years old, when measured within 5 minutes post cycling. We considered the increase clinically significant as the number of participants with an elevated PSA, according to established cut-offs, increased post-ride. Based on the research published to date, the authors suggest a 24–48 hour period of abstinence from cycling and ejaculation before a PSA test, to avoid spurious results.

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Case Report: Endurance Cycle Ride Associated with a Significant Rise in PSA

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Influence of Long-Distance Bicycle Riding on Serum/Urinary Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer

Influence of Long-Distance Bicycle Riding on Serum/Urinary Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer

Beeinflussung der PSA-Konzentration im Serum durch körperliche Belastung (insbesondere Fahrradfahren)

Long Distance Bicycle Riding Causes Prostate-Specific Antigen to Increase in Men Aged 50 Years and Over

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