Case Report: Concurrent Rheumatic Fever and Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis in a High-Burden Setting

Nakauyaca, Anna V.; Ralph, Anna P.; Majoni, William; Kangaharan, Nadarajah

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.18-0954

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Group A streptococcus (GAS) diseases were reported to be common in developing countries [ 17 , 18 , 19 ] and among the indigenous populations in developed countries [ 10 , 15 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], and reported to be endemic in low socioeconomic communities [ 9 , 20 , 30 ]. GAS diseases are also present in high socioeconomic communities, in conditions where people are in close proximity to one another for extended periods of time (for example, schools and care facilities) [ 8 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Streptococcus pyogenes: Public Health Risk Factors, Prevention and Control

2021

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Streptococcus pyogenes, (colloquially named “group A streptococcus” (GAS)), is a pathogen of public health significance, infecting 18.1 million people worldwide and resulting in 500,000 deaths each year. This review identified published articles on the risk factors and public health prevention and control strategies for mitigating GAS diseases. The pathogen causing GAS diseases is commonly transmitted via respiratory droplets, touching skin sores caused by GAS or through contact with contaminated material or equipment. Foodborne transmission is also possible, although there is need for further research to quantify this route of infection. It was found that GAS diseases are highly prevalent in developing countries, and among indigenous populations and low socioeconomic areas in developed countries. Children, the immunocompromised and the elderly are at the greatest risk of S. pyogenes infections and the associated sequelae, with transmission rates being higher in schools, kindergartens, hospitals and residential care homes. This was attributed to overcrowding and the higher level of social contact in these settings. Prevention and control measures should target the improvement of living conditions, and personal and hand hygiene. Adherence to infection prevention and control practices should be emphasized in high-risk settings. Resource distribution by governments, especially in developed countries, should also be considered.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Streptococcus pyogenes: Public Health Risk Factors, Prevention and Control

2021

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“…In the literature, it is evident that the incidence of such concurrent non-suppurative complication of Group A streptococci (GAS) infection is very rare (possibly less than 30 cases worldwide) and of these most are children and adolescents aged less than 18 years [4]. The most recent reported case of an adult with concurrent acute RF and APSGN is the first reported case from Australia, even in the setting of Australia having a high burden of acute RF [8]. However, historically the United States is a low burden setting for acute RF, and in the last five decades of the 20th century, the incidence of acute RF in the United States has decreased to the extent to which it is no longer a reportable disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant Acute Rheumatic Fever and Acute Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Ghosh

King-Morris

Shultz

2021

Cureus

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Acute rheumatic fever (RF) and acute post Streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) are non-suppurative complications of a Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection. The concomitant incidence of both complications in a patient is rare because nephritogenic and rheumatogenic strains belong to different serotypes of Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS). We present a case of a 47-year-old female who had concomitant acute RF and APSGN from a Streptococcus pyogenes infection. It is important to have a high clinical suspicion for the sequela of GABHS infection in the setting of cardiac and renal disease following upper respiratory infection (URI) symptoms even in adults and in geographic locations with the nearly undetectable burden of acute RF because of the importance of secondary prophylaxis with an antibiotic.

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“…Even though it is a very rare presentation, there have been few case reports of similar presentations around the globe. [5][6][7] This case study is having more clinical significance as this comes from a developing country with high prevalence of rheumatic fever.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous presentation of post infectious glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever in an eight year old girl child

Suresh¹,

Chandran²

2020

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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An 8-year-old female child presented with simultaneous symptoms of post infectious glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever. The child was treated with penicillin V, Aspirin and she responded well to the treatment. However, this co presentation of acute rheumatic fever and post infectious glomerulonephritis in a child is rare and hence authors report the case. This sequela of streptococcal autoimmunity are considered to be pathogenetically distinct.

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Case Report: Concurrent Rheumatic Fever and Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis in a High-Burden Setting

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

A Review of Streptococcus pyogenes: Public Health Risk Factors, Prevention and Control

A Review of Streptococcus pyogenes: Public Health Risk Factors, Prevention and Control

Concomitant Acute Rheumatic Fever and Acute Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Simultaneous presentation of post infectious glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever in an eight year old girl child

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