Case Report and Literature Review of Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Not-So-Rare Cause of Heart Failure

Baptista, Patrícia; Azevedo, Sofia Moura de; Alexandre, André; Dias-Frias, André

doi:10.7759/cureus.33364

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The European Society of Cardiology 2021 proposes a diagnostic algorithm focusing on identifying these subtypes by the initial use of 99mTc-PYP, DPD, or HMDP scintigraphy whenever cardiac amyloidosis is suspected (Figure 9) [2]. The treatment of cardiac amyloidosis primarily involves the management of heart failure and other cardiac complications, as well as disease-modifying therapy [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ATTR cardiac amyloidosis typically exhibits grade 2 or 3 uptakes as it is highly attracted to bone tracers [ 2 ]. In contrast, AL amyloidosis usually demonstrates absent or grade 1 myocardial uptake [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The treatment of cardiac amyloidosis primarily involves the management of heart failure and other cardiac complications, as well as disease-modifying therapy [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis With Coincident Paget’s Disease: A Case Report

ALQattan,

Alqadhi,

AlKhamis

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Cardiac amyloidosis is a condition that results from the accumulation of amyloid proteins in the extracellular matrix of the myocardium. The diagnosis of this disease was challenging as it lacked distinct clinical symptoms and required a biopsy to confirm amyloid deposition. However, there is increasing evidence of non-invasive diagnostic criteria for cardiac amyloidosis, especially for the transthyretin (TTR) type. We report a case of a patient with both cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and Paget's disease, and we highlight the various radiological features of these two conditions using hybrid imaging techniques. In addition, we discuss the diagnostic imaging characteristics of ATTR cardiac amyloidosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis With Coincident Paget’s Disease: A Case Report

ALQattan,

Alqadhi,

AlKhamis

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Amyloidosis presents as a diffuse subendocardial enhancement on cardiac MRI [7,8]. Cardiac MRI is more sensitive and specific for cardiac ejection fraction and identification of cardiac amyloidosis before the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy [9]. However, neither cardiac MRI nor echocardiogram is able to differentiate between the different types of amyloidosis [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractory Arrhythmias as a Potential Indicator of Underlying Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Case Report

Colas,

Azolin,

Jimenez

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Primary (AL) amyloidosis is a rare multisystemic disorder that occurs approximately in 9.7-14.0 cases per million per year in the United States. A late diagnosis of amyloidosis can decrease the chance of survival to less than three years. With the intention to diagnose future cases of AL amyloidosis early in clinical presentation, we describe a case of a 64-year-old female who had presented to the hospital for a pre-liver transplant workup for presumed end-stage liver disease secondary to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Pre-transplant electrocardiogram (ECG) findings were significant for atrial fibrillation that was unable to resolve with synchronized cardioversion. Two previous cardioversions attempted in the preceding three years with amiodarone proved unsuccessful. Following her ECG, an endoscopy and colonoscopy were completed that demonstrated a lesion within the gastric mucosa along with two polyps in the transverse colon and ascending colon. Pathology for these lesions revealed amyloidosis in all biopsy sites, which was followed by a bone marrow biopsy also confirming AL amyloidosis and proliferative monoclonal B lymphocytes. A cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proceeded to gather more information on the systemic extent of the patient's amyloidosis, which showed signs consistent with cardiac infiltration of amyloid. The patient was discharged with at-home hospice care and later decided to pursue chemotherapy, ultimately expiring from end organ failure. We conclude that failed cardioversion in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation can be a clinical and diagnostic marker in suspecting a diagnosis of amyloidosis. Thus, we encourage clinicians to consider systemic amyloidosis in the assessment of unsuccessful cardioversion in these patient presentations for the initiation of treatment early on in the disease course.

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Case Report and Literature Review of Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Not-So-Rare Cause of Heart Failure

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis With Coincident Paget’s Disease: A Case Report

Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis With Coincident Paget’s Disease: A Case Report

Refractory Arrhythmias as a Potential Indicator of Underlying Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Case Report

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