Case Report: A rare case of primary paraganglioma of the gallbladder with a literature review

Abstract

IntroductionParagangliomas of the gallbladder are exceptionally rare. To date, only a few cases of this disease have been reported globally, and the majority were found incidentally during surgery. Although complete resection can achieve a curative effect, specific targeted drugs may have survival benefits for patients with potential recurrence and metastasis risks.Case presentationA 48-year-old woman was scheduled for anatomical central hepatectomy due to the discovery of a liver mass. Surprisingly, a gallbladder tumor accompanied by intrahepatic invasion was found rather than primary liver lesions during the operation. Postoperatively, the lesion was confirmed to be a paraganglioma originating from the gallbladder with intrahepatic invasion detectable on histopathology. After surgery, the patient was treated with a new targeted drug, surufatinib {200 mg, q.d. [quaque die (every day)]}, and no recurrence was observed during the regular follow-up.DiscussionGallbladder paraganglioma is rare and occult, and surgeons do not know it well, so it is easily misdiagnosed before surgery. Postoperative pathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosis.ConclusionGiven that the tumor contained abundant blood sinuses, the early and continuous enhancement of dynamic enhanced CT scanning was its characteristic manifestation. We presented a case in which a primary gallbladder paraganglioma was identified accidentally in a patient who was misdiagnosed with a liver lesion before surgery. Based on our experience in this work, the en bloc resection technique in combination with surufatinib might have a survival benefit to patients at risk of potential recurrence or metastasis; however, further follow-up observations are needed.

Intraoperative hypertensive crisis in a dog with functional paraganglioma of the gall bladder

“…Based on the imaging findings, pathological diagnosis and urinary normetanephrine to creatinine ratio, the gall bladder tumour in this case was a paraganglioma, which is classified as a neuroendocrine neoplasm. The presence of paraganglionic tissue in the gall bladder has been previously reported in humans (Kawabata 1999, Xia et al 2023.…”

“…The presence of paraganglionic tissue in the gall bladder has been previously reported in humans (Kawabata 1999, Xia et al . 2023).…”

A case of asymptomatic gastric plexiform fibromyxoma followed up for 3 years

“…PF primarily occurs in the gastric antrum (73.2%), mostly with an ulcerated surface (70.1%) and a diameter of 2-6 cm (61.2%). 1 This case presented an approximately 3.0 cm in diameter in the gastric antrum with a nonulcerative appearance. PF usually originates from the submucosal or muscularis propria layers and appears as mildly heterogeneous hypoechoic lesions on EUS.…”

“…2 PF is often present in patients between 40-60 years of age and predominantly female. 1 In this case, a 58-year-old woman, was considered a typical case of PF. The most common symptom of PF is abdominal pain, 1 but our patient did not show any symptoms.…”

“…PF is typically located in the gastric antrum and shows unique pathological findings, enabling differentiation from other gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs), including gastrointestinal stromal tumors. 1 Moreover, PF is benign but is usually treated surgically because of abdominal symptoms. PF is also diagnosed histologically, supported by immunohistochemistry; thus, a sufficient tumor sample is central to diagnosis.…”