Case-Control Study of Passive Smoking at Home and Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Ciruzzi, Mario; Pramparo, Palmira; Esteban, Osvaldo; Rozlosnik, Jorge; Tartaglione, Jorge; Abecasis, Blanca; César, Jorge; Rosa, Jose De La; Paterno, Carlos Alberto; Schargrodsky, Hermán

doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(98)00017-5

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Tobacco smoking has a pressing effect on the vessels, resulting in the development of arterial hypertension. Results of meta-analyses performed by several independent research centres have revealed a connection between passive smoking and CVD [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Low level of physical activity was the next problem in the population examined in our study; 46% of the participants (42% men and 54% women) did not practise any kind of physical activity during leisure time.…”

Section: Psychological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Work-related risk factors of myocardial infarction

Bortkiewicz

Gadzicka²,

Siedlecka³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: The aim of the study was to find out which occupational factors account for the risk of the myocardial infarction. Material and Methods: A questionnaire survey was performed during the period of one calendar year in all patients (1053 subjects, 692 men and 361 women) hospitalized at the Medical University of Łódź because of the first myocardial infarction. The questionnaire was prepared especially for the purpose of this study and consisted of two parts. The first part comprised: demographic data, health status at admittance, traditional risk factors for the ischaemic heart disease and was filled-in by physicians. Part II was done by occupational hygiene specialists and referred to education, job title and characteristics, employment data, self assessment of work-related and general stress, fatigue, socio-economic status, physical activity, alcohol intake, tobacco smoking, dietary habits. Results: Mean age in the study group was 59.9±10.4 years (26-85 years), 58.7±10.0 (26-84 years) for men and 62.3±10.7 (32-85 years) for women, employment duration was 32.9±8.8 (4-65 years), for men 34.0±8.6 (5-65 years), for women 30.7±8.8 (4-60 years. Most of myocardial infarction cases both in the group of men and women were noted in the age interval 56-60 years, 22.3% vs. 17.4%, respectively. The majority of examined men were farmers, low and middle management and self-employed workers. Among women prevailed clerks, seamstresses and farmers. The most frequent occupational risk factors were: work-related stress, experienced by 54.2% of the examined subjects, occupational noise (45,5%), dust (41,7%) and various chemical factors (33%). A majority of the study group (76.5% women and 54.4% men) linked the cardiac infarction with stress, while 39.1% men vs. 16.5% women correlated it with physical effort. Conclusion: Our studies indicate that, among a wide spectrum of occupational factors, stress, noise and fine particulate dust are major contributors to the increased risk of myocardial infarction.

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Section: Psychological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Work-related risk factors of myocardial infarction

Bortkiewicz

Gadzicka²,

Siedlecka³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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“…To ensure completeness, we reviewed published and unpublished studies of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and/or death from ischemic heart disease (IHD) among lifelong nonsmokers whose potential ETS exposure was defined by the smoking status of the spouses. Ultimately we included nine cohort (3,4,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) and eight case-control (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) studies in the overview. Two of the cohort studies (3,4) and three case-control studies (20)(21)(22) were new since OSHA last summarized the literature (5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Studies of Fatal and Nonfatal Cardiovascular Disease and ETS Exposure from Spousal Smoking

Thun¹,

Henley²,

Apicella³

1999

Environmental Health Perspectives

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This article reviews the epidemiologic studies of the association of ischemic heart disease risk and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure from a spouse who smokes. Seventeen studies (nine cohort, eight case-control) comprising more than 485,000 lifelong nonsmokers and 7,345 coronary heart disease (CHD) events were included in a meta-analysis. Together, these studies include 36% more CHD events and 58% more study subjects than were available for review by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in 1994. The relative risk (RR) for fatal or nonfatal coronary events among never smokers married to smokers, compared to those whose spouses did not smoke, was RR = 1.25 (95% confidence interval [95% Cl], 1.17-1.33) across the combined studies. This association was statistically similar in men (RR = 1.24; 95% Cl, 1.15-1.32) and women (RR = 1.23; 95% Cl, 1.15-1.32); in studies of cohort (RR = 1.23; 95% Cl, 1.15-1.31) and case-control (RR = 1.47; 95% Cl, 1.19-1.81) design; in the United States (RR =1.22; 95% Cl, 1.13-1.30) and other countries (RR = 1.41; 95% Cl, 1.21-1.65); and in studies of fatal (RR = 1.22; 95% Cl, 1.14-1.30) and nonfatal (RR = 1.32; 95% Cl, 1.04-1.67) heart disease. In three studies that presented data separately for nonsmokers married to current or former smokers, the association was stronger when the spouses continued to smoke (RR = 1.16, 1.06-1.28) than with former smokers (RR = 0.98; 95% Cl, 0.89-1.08). The aggregate data are unlikely to be attributable to chance, publication bias, confounding, or misclassification of exposure. The evidence linking heart disease and ETS exposure from a spouse has become substantially stronger since OSHA first proposed including heart disease in its risk assessment of ETS in 1994. Key words: environmental tobacco smoke, heart disease. -Environ Health Perspect 107(suppl 6):841-846 (1999). http.//ehpnetl.niehs.nih.gov/docs/1999/suppl6/84 1-846thun/abstract. html

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“…The risk of developing MI was greatest in individuals with only an elementary school education as compared to higher level education [28]. Personal education and parental education were also strongly associated with the risk of developing MI [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Non Clinical Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis Approach

Mr¹,

Ansar²,

Hanif³

et al. 2017

J Biom Biostat

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IntroductionCardiovascular disease is a commonly used term that refers to the diseases that affect the heart and other parts of the cardiac system of the body. The cardiovascular diseases that affect the coronary arteries of the heart are called Coronary Heart Diseases (CHD) [1]. Myocardial Infarction (MI) is one of the diseases in this group. A large number of people die every year due to this fatal disease. In 2013, the number of people who died from cardiovascular disease (CVD) was more than 17.3 million (95% uncertainty interval, 16.5 to 18.1), representing an increase from 1990 of 40.8% [2]. The burden of Coronary Heart Disease is increasing at a greater rate in South Asian countries than the other countries of the world. It has been estimated that the risk of MI would be doubled in the next 20 years [3]. According to American Heart Association, approximately one of every six deaths in United States is caused by MI [4,5]. Another study showed that the high prevalence of MI in Pakistan with more than 30% of the population over 45 years of age is affected by this disease [3]. This statistics has revealed that this disease is growing at alarming rate in the world. A mammoth literature is available on this disease. As a result many medical, social, economic, demographic risk factors were explored in the literature.In this literature medical factors got significant attention by medical professionals and practitioners. The least attention has been paid to non-clinical factors (demographic and socioeconomic factors) which can play significant role in causing MI [6][7][8]. Age, gender and family history of MI are demographic factors and education is a socioeconomic factor. Age and gender has been found as powerful risk factors of MI [9]. It has also been observed that chances of getting MI increases as the age of the patients increases. Another study shows that MI in patients less than the age of 40 is 10% of all the cases [10]. A study conducted in Bangladesh shows that the incidence of AMI was more frequent among the patients of age group 50-59 years [11]. Recently a health survey conducted in England suggests that 4% of men and 0.5% of women have had an MI [12]; however, after the age of 70 both genders have equal chance of getting this disease. It has been observed that women have experienced their first MI on the average 9 years later than men [13].Family history of heart diseases has also emerged as an important predictor of MI in many studies. A family history of MI increases the risk of CHD especially for MI. The National Cholesterol Education Program highlights that an individual may have a positive history of MI if his close blood relative male (father or brother) has MI younger than 55 years or female (his mother or sister) has MI younger than 65 years [14]. AbstractBackground: Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a coronary heart disease that is one of the main causes of the mortality over the globe. There are various clinical and non-clinical risk factors that can be further classified as modifiable and non...

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Case-Control Study of Passive Smoking at Home and Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract: In never-smokers, passive smoking at home appeared to be associated with the risk of AMI, and approximately 14% of cases in men and 18% of cases in women in this Argentinian cohort are attributable to passive smoking.

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Work-related risk factors of myocardial infarction

Work-related risk factors of myocardial infarction

Epidemiologic Studies of Fatal and Nonfatal Cardiovascular Disease and ETS Exposure from Spousal Smoking

Non Clinical Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis Approach

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