Case 3-2013

Steele, David; Kasmar, Anne; Guimarães, Alexander R.; Dekker, John P.

doi:10.1056/nejmcpc1208142

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As a result, 76 articles[ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 ] were obtained, including 56 (73.7%) case reports,[ 1 3 4 5…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 107 (67.3%) cases were primary,[ 2 5 9 10 13 14 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 28 30 31 32 33 34 38 39 40 42 43 44 48 50 52 53 56 59 60 61 62 64 65 66 67 69 70 72 73 74 75 76 ] 33 (20.8%) were secondary,[ 6 11 12 15 20 24 25 26 29 35 37 46 47 51 55 62 64 66 67 ] and 19 (11.9%) were postoperative. [ 1 3 4 7 8 27 36 41 45 49 54 58 62 63 68 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The underlying causes for secondary sternal TB were a previous history of lung TB in 12 (36.4%)[ 15 25 55 62 66 67 73 ] (one was reactivated lung TB[ 73 ] and one was associated with lymph node TB[ 55 ]), TB contact in 10 (30.3%),[ 20 24 46 47 66 ] extrapulmonary TB in six (18.2%) including TB lymphadenitis in three[ 6 51 55 ] (cervical,[ 55 ] supraclavicular,[ 6 ] and unstated[ 51 ] in one each) and vertebral TB,[ 67 ] multifocal skeletal TB,[ 67 ] and abdominal and spinal TB[ 37 ] in one each; and Bacille de Calmette et Guérin vaccination in five (15.2%) patients. [ 11 12 26 29 35 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lymphadenopathy was noted in 17 (10.7%) patients,[ 14 16 17 20 27 28 33 34 35 38 46 52 55 65 66 ] of which mediastinal lymphadenopathy was the most common [ Table 6 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anti-TB regimens were not mentioned in 25 (15.7%) patients and unspecified in 35 (22.0%),[ 12 15 17 20 27 36 51 53 56 60 62 64 66 70 71 72 73 75 76 ] and the first-line anti-TB regimen was unspecified in one (0.6%) patient. [ 46 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sternal mycobacterial infections

Yuan

2016

Ann Thorac Med

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Sternal mycobacterial infections are rare. Due to the rarity, its clinical characteristics, diagnoses, and regular management strategies are still scanty. A total of 76 articles on this topic were obtained by a comprehensive literature collection. The clinical features, diagnosis, management strategies and prognosis were carefully analyzed. There were totally 159 patients including 152 (95%) cases of tuberculosis (TB) and seven (5%) cases of non-TB sternal infections. Sternal mycobacterial infections can be categorized into three types: Primary, secondary, and postoperative, according to the pathogenesis; and categorized into isolated, peristernal, and multifocal, according to the extent of the lesions. Microbiological investigation is more sensitive than medical imaging and Mantoux tuberculin skin test in the diagnosis of sternal infections. Most patients show good responses to the standard four-drug regimen and a surgical intervention was necessary in 28.3% patients. The prognoses of the patients are good with a very low mortality. A delayed diagnosis of sternal mycobacterial infections may bring about recurrent sternal infections and sustained incurability. An early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic regimens may significantly improve the patients' outcomes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lymphadenopathy was noted in 17 (10.7%) patients,[ 14 16 17 20 27 28 33 34 35 38 46 52 55 65 66 ] of which mediastinal lymphadenopathy was the most common [ Table 6 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%