Cascading failures of interdependent modular scale-free networks with different coupling preferences

Tian, Meng; Wang, Xianpei; Dong, Zhengcheng; Guang, Zhu; Dai, Dangdang; Zhang, Qilin

doi:10.1209/0295-5075/111/18007

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Shao et al [ 46 ] applied a study on the clustering of two fully coupled networks and applied it to partially interdependent networks with clustering. Tian et al [ 22 ] investigated cascading failures in interdependent modular scale-free networks under inner attacks and hub attacks from the global and local perspectives. They found that the assortative coupling in communities (ACIC) is more beneficial in resisting cascading failures than random coupling in communities (RCIC) and assortative coupling with communities (ACWC).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the perspective of functional properties, the load of nodes was taken into account when the authors established different models to study the cascading failure of interdependent networks in recent research literatures [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Many works have adopted degree [ 22 , 23 ], betweenness [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], or degree of degree [ 28 ] as the initial load of nodes. In addition,

was used as the initial load of an edge

, where

represents the coupled strength between two coupled nodes i and m , and

is the degree of node i [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, an increasing number of the details of interdependent networks have been considered, including coupling strength [ 15 ], support-dependence relations [ 32 ], coupling preferences [ 33 ], clustered structures [ 34 ], and community structure [ 22 ]. Chen et al [ 35 ] studied the effect of coupling preference on systems’ robustness and used betweenness as node load that is used to connect nodes between layers in order to generate assortative, disassortative and random coupling links, and simulation shows that disassortative coupling is more robust for sparse coupling while assortative coupling performs better for dense coupling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Babaei et al [ 36 ] found that the robustness of modular small-world networks is improved by increasing inter-community links in response to both random and targeted attacks. Tian et al [ 22 ] found that increasing the inter-community connection can enhance the robustness of interdependent modular scale-free (SF) networks. Brummitt et al [ 20 ] studied and estimated the effect of the optimal level of interconnectivity on the cascading failure of interdependent networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Different Coupling Modes on the Robustness of Smart Grid under Targeted Attack

Kang

Zhu

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Many previous works only focused on the cascading failure of global coupling of one-to-one structures in interdependent networks, but the local coupling of dual coupling structures has rarely been studied due to its complex structure. This will result in a serious consequence that many conclusions of the one-to-one structure may be incorrect in the dual coupling network and do not apply to the smart grid. Therefore, it is very necessary to subdivide the dual coupling link into a top-down coupling link and a bottom-up coupling link in order to study their influence on network robustness by combining with different coupling modes. Additionally, the power flow of the power grid can cause the load of a failed node to be allocated to its neighboring nodes and trigger a new round of load distribution when the load of these nodes exceeds their capacity. This means that the robustness of smart grids may be affected by four factors, i.e., load redistribution, local coupling, dual coupling link and coupling mode; however, the research on the influence of those factors on the network robustness is missing. In this paper, firstly, we construct the smart grid as a two-layer network with a dual coupling link and divide the power grid and communication network into many subnets based on the geographical location of their nodes. Secondly, we define node importance (NI) as an evaluation index to access the impact of nodes on the cyber or physical network and propose three types of coupling modes based on NI of nodes in the cyber and physical subnets, i.e., Assortative Coupling in Subnets (ACIS), Disassortative Coupling in Subnets (DCIS), and Random Coupling in Subnets (RCIS). Thirdly, a cascading failure model is proposed for studying the effect of local coupling of dual coupling link in combination with ACIS, DCIS, and RCIS on the robustness of the smart grid against a targeted attack, and the survival rate of functional nodes is used to assess the robustness of the smart grid. Finally, we use the IEEE 118-Bus System and the Italian High-Voltage Electrical Transmission Network to verify our model and obtain the same conclusions: (I) DCIS applied to the top-down coupling link is better able to enhance the robustness of the smart grid against a targeted attack than RCIS or ACIS, (II) ACIS applied to a bottom-up coupling link is better able to enhance the robustness of the smart grid against a targeted attack than RCIS or DCIS, and (III) the robustness of the smart grid can be improved by increasing the tolerance α. This paper provides some guidelines for slowing down the speed of the cascading failures in the design of architecture and optimization of interdependent networks, such as a top-down link with DCIS, a bottom-up link with ACIS, and an increased tolerance α.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

was used as the initial load of an edge

, where

represents the coupled strength between two coupled nodes i and m , and

is the degree of node i [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of Different Coupling Modes on the Robustness of Smart Grid under Targeted Attack

Kang

Zhu

et al. 2018

Sensors

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“…Another important factor that affects the robustness of interdependent networks is the property of dependency links, including coupling preference [18][19][20], directionality, and dependency strength. Coupling preference determines the way that dependency links are established between subnetworks, such as assortative coupling, disassortative coupling, and random coupling based on node degree or betweenness [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Robustness of No-Feedback Interdependent Networks

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The continuous operation of modern society is dominated by interdependent networks, such as energy networks, communication networks, and traffic networks. As a result, the robustness of interdependent networks has become increasingly important in recent years. On the basis of past research, a no-feedback interdependent networks model is introduced. Compared with previous work, this model is more consistent with the characteristics of real interdependent systems. In addition, two types of failure modes, unilateral failure and bilateral failure, are defined. For each failure mode, the influence of coupling strength and dependency strength on the robustness of no-feedback interdependent networks was analyzed and discussed in relation to various giant component sizes. The simulation results indicated that the robustness of the no-feedback interdependent networks was inversely proportional to coupling strength and dependency strength, and the effect of coupling strength and dependency strength on the robustness was equivalent. These conclusions are beneficial for helping researchers and engineers to build more robust interdependent systems.

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